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Comprender el ayuno del Ramadán y sus desafíos para los atletas: una visión general
Asma Aloui1,2, Walid Briki3, Hakim Chalabi4,5
1High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia.
La Tunisie medicale
|February 25, 2026
Resumen
Los atletas musulmanes enfrentan desafíos únicos durante el ayuno del Ramadán, que requieren un apoyo personalizado para equilibrar la observancia religiosa con las demandas atléticas. Comprender estas necesidades es crucial para salvaguardar la salud y el rendimiento, especialmente en países de mayoría no musulmana.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias del Deporte; Estudios Religiosos; Fisiología
Sus antecedentes:
- El ayuno del Ramadán implica la abstinencia de alimentos y bebidas desde el amanecer hasta el atardecer durante 29-30 días.
- Esta observancia islámica anual presenta desafíos únicos para los atletas musulmanes, lo que afecta sus horarios de entrenamiento y competición.
- El momento del Ramadán cambia anualmente dentro del calendario gregoriano, lo que añade complejidad para los atletas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Introducir el número especial «Ramadán y Deporte».
- Examinar las limitaciones fisiológicas y psicológicas que enfrentan los atletas musulmanes durante el Ramadán, particularmente durante las competiciones internacionales.
- Destacar la necesidad de apoyo institucional para los atletas musulmanes en contextos minoritarios.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión de la literatura centrada en atletas musulmanes y Ramadán.
- Análisis de los desafíos para conciliar las prácticas religiosas con las demandas atléticas.
- Examen de los sistemas de apoyo en países predominantemente musulmanes frente a países con minorías musulmanas.
Principales resultados:
- Los atletas musulmanes pueden experimentar limitaciones fisiológicas y psicológicas debido al ayuno.
- Los atletas en países musulmanes minoritarios pueden carecer de apoyo institucional en comparación con los de países de mayoría musulmana.
- La falta de apoyo puede influir negativamente en el bienestar mental y el rendimiento de los atletas.
Conclusiones:
- El apoyo personalizado es esencial para los atletas musulmanes durante el Ramadán.
- Se necesita una mayor comprensión de los desafíos del ayuno en los deportes de alto nivel.
- Los entrenadores y el personal médico requieren capacitación para apoyar eficazmente las prácticas religiosas de los atletas y, al mismo tiempo, garantizar la salud y el rendimiento.
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