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Observación experimental de transiciones de fase no Hermitianas mediante termoacústica inducida por láser

Haixiao Zhang^1,2, Renhao Fan^1,3, Wei Xiong¹

¹School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Jiangsu Physical Science Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.

Nature communications

|February 26, 2026

Abstract:

Non-Hermitian physics in open systems has garnered significant attention for its exotic phenomena, particularly surrounding exceptional points that offer transformative potential for multifunctional devices. Central to this field are parity-time ( $P T$ ) symmetry-defined by balanced gain and loss-and its counterpart, anti- $P T$ symmetry. However, integrating these divergent concepts into a unified acoustic platform remains an unattainable challenge. In this study, we employ laser-induced thermoacoustics (LIT) to integrate a tunable amplifying component into a non-Hermitian system. By exciting an ultrathin carbon nanotube (CNT) film through laser irradiation, we experimentally observe the phase transitions between $P T$ and anti- $P T$ symmetries. Furthermore, our findings demonstrate the creation of selectable scattering states and the generation of acoustic vortex beams (VBs), facilitating both $P T$ -symmetric scattering and the conversion of topological charges. This acoustically transparent strategy bypasses traditional, path-blocking compensation schemes, offering a versatile framework for controlled non-Hermitian phase transitions in next-generation integrated devices.

Palabras clave:

termoacústica inducida por láser física no Hermitiana transiciones de fase simetría PT simetría anti-PT haces de vórtice acústico

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