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Los recursos exógenos impulsan procesos sucesionales convergentes dentro de la red alimentaria microbiana del suelo

Yu-Jia Cai¹, Yuhai Chang², Jessica Louise Ray³

¹Department of Health and Environmental Science, Xìan Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, 215123, China.

Environmental microbiome

|February 26, 2026

Resumen

Las enmiendas orgánicas alteran significativamente las comunidades microbianas del suelo, reduciendo la diversidad pero aumentando las interacciones. El tipo de uso de la tierra impacta las redes microbianas, sin embargo, las enmiendas pueden unificar los procesos de ensamblaje en diferentes suelos.

Área de la Ciencia:

Microbiología del suelo; Ecología de ecosistemas; Biogeoquímica

Sus antecedentes:

Los microorganismos del suelo son vitales para el ciclo de nutrientes y la regulación del clima.
Comprender las respuestas microbianas a las enmiendas orgánicas en diferentes usos de la tierra es crucial pero limitado.

Objetivo del estudio:

Investigar cómo las enmiendas orgánicas reestructuran las comunidades microbianas (bacterias, hongos, protistas) en suelos de diferentes usos.
Comparar los grupos funcionales microbianos y la dinámica de la red alimentaria bajo regímenes contrastantes de uso de la tierra.

Principales métodos:

Experimento de microcosmos de 30 días utilizando suelos enmendados con orina de campos de maíz y bosques.
Análisis de la diversidad microbiana (riqueza de OTU, diversidad de Shannon) y redes de co-ocurrencia.
Evaluación de los procesos de ensamblaje de la comunidad (determinista vs. estocástico).

Principales resultados:

La adición de paja redujo la diversidad de bacterias, hongos y protistas en ambos usos de la tierra.
Las enmiendas orgánicas mejoraron las interacciones microbianas entre dominios y la complejidad de la red.
Los suelos de maíz mostraron redes dominadas por bacterias, mientras que los bosques tenían centros fúngicos; los procesos de ensamblaje convergieron.

Conclusiones:

Las enmiendas orgánicas pueden anular los legados del uso de la tierra en la configuración de la dinámica microbiana del suelo.
La disponibilidad de recursos y las interacciones bióticas son los principales impulsores de las redes alimentarias microbianas del suelo.

Palabras clave:

Regulación de abajo hacia arriba Uso del suelo Protistas Red alimentaria microbiana del suelo Adición de paja

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