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¿Importan las perspectivas? Comparación del deterioro cognitivo subjetivo (DCS) según el paciente, el informante y el
medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences
|February 27, 2026
Resumen
Las definiciones de deterioro cognitivo subjetivo (DCS) varían. El DCS informado por el médico es crucial, ya que se relaciona con el deterioro cognitivo en controles normales, deterioro cognitivo leve y enfermedad de Alzheimer.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Neurología; Gerontología; Ciencias Cognitivas
Sus antecedentes:
- El deterioro cognitivo subjetivo (DCS) se evalúa típicamente a través de autoinformes del paciente. La evidencia emergente indica que los informes de informantes y médicos también pueden correlacionarse con la función cognitiva. Este estudio investiga las discrepancias entre las definiciones de DCS de pacientes, informantes y médicos y sus asociaciones cognitivas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Comparar las definiciones de deterioro cognitivo subjetivo (DCS) de pacientes, informantes y médicos. Analizar la relación entre estas diferentes definiciones de DCS y el rendimiento cognitivo. Explorar el valor predictivo de varios informantes de DCS para el deterioro cognitivo a lo largo del tiempo.
Principales métodos:
- Se utilizaron datos de 4290 adultos mayores del National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center. Los participantes se clasificaron en grupos de controles normales (CN), deterioro cognitivo leve (DCL) y enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA). Se emplearon modelos lineales para evaluar la asociación entre las definiciones de DCS y la cognición en la línea de base y longitudinalmente.
Principales resultados:
- En controles normales, el DCS informado por el informante y el médico se correlacionó con una cognición basal más pobre; el DCS del paciente y del médico predijo el declive con el tiempo. En los grupos con deterioro cognitivo leve y enfermedad de Alzheimer, todas las definiciones de DCS (paciente, informante, médico) se vincularon con una peor cognición en la línea de base y a lo largo del tiempo. El DCS informado por el médico demostró una asociación significativa con el deterioro cognitivo en todos los grupos de participantes.
Conclusiones:
- Los hallazgos subrayan la necesidad de considerar diversas definiciones de deterioro cognitivo subjetivo (DCS). El DCS informado por el médico surgió como un indicador particularmente importante del estado cognitivo y el declive. La integración de las evaluaciones del médico en las evaluaciones del DCS puede mejorar la detección temprana y el manejo del deterioro cognitivo.
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