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Integración de la sensación artificial aprendida con la visión durante la navegación en movimiento libre

Samuel J Senneka¹, Maria C Dadarlat¹

¹Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

|February 27, 2026

Resumen

Los ratones aprendieron a integrar la retroalimentación sensorial artificial de la estimulación cerebral con la visión para el control del movimiento. Esta propiocepción artificial fue tan efectiva como la visión natural y mejoró el rendimiento cuando se combinó con ella.

Área de la Ciencia:

Neurociencia
Ingeniería Biomédica
Retroalimentación Sensorial

Sus antecedentes:

Los humanos integran la retroalimentación propioceptiva y visual para movimientos precisos.
Las interfaces cerebro-computadora (BCI) requieren propiocepción artificial para el control de prótesis.
La estimulación microintracortical (ICMS) puede proporcionar retroalimentación sensorial artificial.

Objetivo del estudio:

Evaluar el aprendizaje y la integración de información sensorial artificial con la visión natural.
Desarrollar una tarea conductual de ratón en movimiento libre para evaluar la retroalimentación sensorial artificial.
Evaluar la eficacia de ICMS como reemplazo propioceptivo para aplicaciones BCI.

Principales métodos:

Se implantó un conjunto de microalambres de 16 canales en la corteza somatosensorial primaria de ratones.
Los ratones fueron entrenados en una tarea conductual de navegación hacia objetivos utilizando retroalimentación visual y/o ICMS.
Se evaluó el rendimiento en ensayos multimodales (visión + ICMS), solo visión y solo ICMS.

Principales resultados:

Los ratones alcanzaron una competencia del 75% en ensayos multimodales después de ~1000 sesiones de entrenamiento.
Los ratones aprendieron rápidamente a usar ICMS solo, alcanzando una competencia del 75% en ensayos solo con ICMS.
El rendimiento de ICMS fue comparable o mejor que la visión, y el rendimiento multimodal superó significativamente el rendimiento unimodal.

Conclusiones:

Los animales aprendieron rápidamente a integrar la visión natural con la retroalimentación sensorial artificial de ICMS.
La propiocepción artificial se puede aprender e integrar eficazmente con la visión natural.
Este estudio demuestra el potencial de ICMS para mejorar la retroalimentación sensorial en sistemas BCI.

Palabras clave:

sensación artificial estimulación cortical micro comportamiento en movimiento libre integración multisensorial prótesis neuronales

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