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Videos de Conceptos Relacionados

Introduction to Joints00:58

Introduction to Joints

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The adult human body usually has 206 bones, and except for the hyoid bone in the neck, each bone is connected to at least one other bone. Joints are the location where bones come together. Many joints allow for movement between the bones. At these joints, the articulating surfaces of the adjacent bones can move smoothly against each other. However, the bones of other joints may be joined by connective tissue or cartilage. These joints are designed for stability and provide little or no...
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Bones of the Lower Limb: Tibia and Fibula01:10

Bones of the Lower Limb: Tibia and Fibula

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The tibia is the main weight-bearing bone of the lower leg. It is larger than the fibula with which it is paired. The tibia is also the second longest bone in the body and is located right below the skin. The proximal end of the tibia forms the medial and the lateral condyle, which articulates with the condyles of the femur to form the knee joint. Between the articulating surfaces is the irregular elevated area known as the intercondylar eminence that serves as the inferior attachment point for...
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Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella01:16

Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella

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The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the...
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Hydraulic Jump: Problem Solving01:16

Hydraulic Jump: Problem Solving

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To analyze a hydraulic jump in a rectangular channel with a flow speed of 6 meters per second, follow these steps:Calculate Effective Upstream Velocity:When the downstream gate closes, a hydraulic jump forms, traveling upstream at 2 meters per second. This wave speed combines with the initial channel flow velocity, creating an effective upstream velocity.Identify Flow Velocities Before and After the Hydraulic Jump:Upstream of the hydraulic jump, the effective flow velocity includes both the...
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Design Example: Frog Muscle Response01:14

Design Example: Frog Muscle Response

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A student is tasked to work on an intriguing experiment involving an RL (Resistor-Inductor) circuit to study the muscle response of a frog's leg to electrical stimulation. The RL circuit plays a crucial role in this experiment, providing the means to control and measure the electrical impulses that trigger muscle contraction.
When the switch connecting the RL circuit is closed, a brief muscle contraction is observed. This is because, at a steady state, the inductor acts like a short...
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Bone Formation by Intramembranous Ossification01:29

Bone Formation by Intramembranous Ossification

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Intramembranous ossification is one of the two processes involved in the development of bones within an embryo. The flat bones of the face, most of the cranial bones, and the clavicles are formed via this process. During intramembranous ossification, the bones develop directly from sheets of undifferentiated mesenchymal connective tissue.
The process begins when mesenchymal cells in the embryonic skeleton gather together and differentiate into osteogenic cells, which then develop into ...
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Looking Under the Hood of Elite Rowers: Skeletal Muscle Determinants of Rowing Performance.

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Functional morphology and biomechanics of the locomotor apparatus in the large Late Triassic carnivore Postosuchus kirkpatricki (Archosauria: Rauisuchidae).

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Hindlimb functional morphology and locomotor biomechanics of the small Late Triassic pseudosuchian reptile Gracilisuchus stipanicicorum (Archosauria: Gracilisuchidae).

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Updated: Mar 1, 2026

Kinematics and Ground Reaction Force Determination: A Demonstration Quantifying Locomotor Abilities of Young Adult, Middle-aged, and Geriatric Rats
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Relaciones forma-función que determinan el rendimiento óptimo de salto en un dinosaurio bípedo temprano

James P Charles1, Delyle T Polet2, John R Hutchinson2

  • 1Musculoskeletal and Ageing Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.

Journal of the Royal Society, Interface
|February 27, 2026
PubMed
Resumen

Las simulaciones de control óptimo revelan que el dinosaurio Coelophysis bauri y el ave Eudromia elegans tuvieron habilidades de salto vertical similares debido a extremidades posteriores geométricamente similares, a pesar de las diferencias en la forma y el tamaño del cuerpo.

Palabras clave:
trabajo muscularmodelo musculoesqueléticosimulación predictivacola

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Paleontología
  • Biomecánica
  • Biología Evolutiva

Sus antecedentes:

  • Comprender la locomoción de animales extintos es clave para la comprensión evolutiva.
  • Los arcosaurios bípedos exhiben diversas morfologías y capacidades de movimiento.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Predecir y comparar el rendimiento de salto vertical de Coelophysis bauri y Eudromia elegans.
  • Investigar la influencia de la morfología y la dinámica de las articulaciones en la capacidad de salto de los arcosaurios bípedos.

Principales métodos:

  • Se emplearon simulaciones de control óptimo para predecir el rendimiento del salto vertical.
  • Se analizó la geometría de las extremidades posteriores y la dinámica de las articulaciones de Coelophysis bauri.

Principales resultados:

  • Coelophysis bauri y Eudromia elegans mostraron un rendimiento de salto predicho similar, relacionado con la geometría de las extremidades posteriores.
  • El rendimiento de salto en Coelophysis fue muy sensible al rango de movimiento de la articulación de la cola y a la masa de la cola.

Conclusiones:

  • El tamaño del cuerpo, la morfología y la dinámica de las articulaciones impactaron significativamente la capacidad de salto en los arcosaurios bípedos.
  • La morfología de la cola y la movilidad de las articulaciones influyeron en el rendimiento del salto, ofreciendo información sobre la evolución de los arcosaurios.