Enfermedad Vascular Extratorácica Difusa en Aneurisma y Disección Aórtica Torácica No Sindrómica

Patients with nonsyndromic thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection (nsTAAD) may have systemic arterial involvement, but the distribution and clinical correlates of extra-thoracic disease remain poorly defined. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of adults with nsTAAD at Mayo Clinic (2018-2024). Trained reviewers manually confirmed thoracic aortic dilation and all extra-thoracic vascular lesions; syndromic, congenital, and fibromuscular dysplasia related cases were excluded. Cross-sectional imaging availability was abstracted for the head/neck, chest, and abdomen/pelvis. Detection frequencies of non-thoracic aneurysm (nTA-A) were calculated among patients imaged in ≥ 1 extra-thoracic territory, while non-aortic dissection (nTA-D) frequencies used the full cohort denominator. Group differences were assessed using χ² or t-tests, and logistic regression identified predictors of nTA-A. Among 3,989 patients (28.6% female), 82.0% had CT or MRI of ≥ 1 extra-thoracic territory. nTA-A was detected in 443/3,270 (13.5%) and increased with age (7.4% at 18-30 years, 8.4% at 31-50 years, 18.3% at ≥ 51 years; p < 0.001), with the greatest detection burden in the abdomen/pelvis followed by the head/neck. nTA-D occurred in 136/3,989 (3.4%) and also rose with age (0.7%, 2.2%, 4.9%; p < 0.001). Hypertension and hyperlipidemia were independently associated with nTA-A (p ≤ 0.05). Patients with nTA-A or nTA-D had higher rates of heart failure, myocardial infarction, stroke, and mortality (all p ≤ 0.01). In conclusion, extra-thoracic aneurysms and dissections are common in nsTAAD and increase with age, supporting careful clinical assessment with vigilant symptom monitoring and risk factor optimization, and providing a foundation for future studies to determine when broader vascular evaluation improves longitudinal risk stratification and outcomes.