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Las contribuciones neuroconductuales del apoyo temprano de los padres a la autonomía para la función ejecutiva
Ting Zhang1, Yihan Hu1, Xin He2
1Department of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
Behavioural brain research
|February 27, 2026
Resumen
El apoyo temprano de los padres a la autonomía influye positivamente en la función ejecutiva (FE) hasta la edad adulta temprana. Esto sugiere que los estilos de crianza impactan significativamente el desarrollo cognitivo a largo plazo y la regulación conductual.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Psicología del Desarrollo
- Neurociencia
- Ciencia Cognitiva
Sus antecedentes:
- El apoyo de los padres a la autonomía (PAS) se relaciona con la función ejecutiva (FE) en la infancia.
- Se debate la persistencia de los efectos de la PAS en la FE hasta la adolescencia tardía/adultez temprana.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar el impacto a largo plazo de la PAS temprana en la FE en estudiantes universitarios.
- Examinar las relaciones entre la PAS temprana, la FE típica y los correlatos neurales de la FE óptima.
Principales métodos:
- 48 estudiantes universitarios completaron cuestionarios sobre la PAS percibida y la FE típica (BRIEF).
- La FE óptima se evaluó utilizando la tarea Go/NoGo, midiendo potenciales relacionados con eventos (N2/P3) y comportamiento.
- Se realizaron análisis de correlación y mediación.
Principales resultados:
- Una mayor PAS temprana se correlacionó con puntuaciones más bajas en el BRIEF (mejor FE) y mayores amplitudes N2/P3 (mejor FE neural).
- Mayores amplitudes N2/P3 se correlacionaron con puntuaciones más bajas en el BRIEF.
- La amplitud NoGo-N2 medió el vínculo entre PAS y la regulación conductual.
Conclusiones:
- Los efectos positivos del apoyo temprano de los padres a la autonomía en la función ejecutiva pueden extenderse hasta la edad adulta temprana.
- Los hallazgos resaltan el impacto duradero de la crianza en el desarrollo cognitivo y regulatorio.
- Se discuten las implicaciones para las estrategias de crianza y la comprensión del desarrollo de la FE.
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