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Evaluación de los antecedentes del trabajo fuera de horario en teletrabajadores: una revisión de alcance
Kishana Balakrishnar1, Bao-Zhu Stephanie Long1, Joyce Lo1
1Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 500 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 1V7, Canada.
Journal of public health (Oxford, England)
|February 28, 2026
Resumen
El teletrabajo ofrece flexibilidad pero aumenta el trabajo fuera de horario, afectando el bienestar. Comprender factores como la capacidad personal, el entorno y las demandas del trabajo es clave para reducir esta carga para los empleados remotos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud Ocupacional; Estudios de Trabajo Remoto; Psicología Organizacional
Sus antecedentes:
- El teletrabajo aumentó drásticamente después de la COVID-19, ofreciendo beneficios como flexibilidad y reducción del estrés.; Sin embargo, los teletrabajadores a menudo realizan trabajo fuera de horario, lo que puede perjudicar la salud y los resultados organizacionales.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Revisar sistemáticamente los antecedentes del trabajo fuera de horario entre los teletrabajadores.; Identificar los factores que contribuyen a las horas de trabajo extendidas en entornos remotos.
Principales métodos:
- Búsqueda sistemática de literatura en siete bases de datos (2010-2024).; Se incluyeron estudios empíricos revisados por pares sobre adultos teletrabajadores (18-65 años).; Se empleó análisis temático descriptivo utilizando el marco Persona-Entorno-Ocupación.
Principales resultados:
- Se analizaron 17 estudios (13 transversales, 3 cualitativos, 1 longitudinal).; Se identificaron tres temas: desajuste entre la capacidad personal y la demanda, limitaciones ambientales en el equilibrio del rol y tensión del rol ocupacional.; Estos factores contribuyen al aumento del trabajo fuera de horario en las modalidades de teletrabajo.
Conclusiones:
- Los hallazgos pueden guiar intervenciones para reducir el trabajo fuera de horario de los teletrabajadores y mejorar el bienestar.; Se recomienda investigación futura en contextos no occidentales y la exploración de la interacción de factores individuales, ambientales y ocupacionales.
Palabras clave:
trabajo fuera de horarioantecedentessalud ocupacionalpersona-entorno-ocupacióntrabajo remototeletrabajoMás Videos Relacionados
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