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The female reproductive system can be affected by several disorders, including Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS), Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD), endometriosis, and various forms of cancer. PMS and PMDD are cyclical conditions that cause physical and emotional distress, with symptoms that include edema, mood swings, and food cravings. PMDD is a more severe form of PMS characterized by increased symptom severity that peaks during the luteal phase and tends to improve or resolve shortly after...
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The ovarian cycle is meticulously regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. This cycle orchestrates the release of a mature oocyte, essential for reproduction.
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Puberty is a critical phase, typically beginning between the ages of 8 and 13 in girls and 9 and 14 in boys, though timing can vary based on genetics, environmental factors, and overall health. This period is characterized by the development of secondary sexual characteristics and the attainment of reproductive potential. Endocrine changes underpin puberty, with hormonal surges of Luteinizing Hormone (LH) and Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) instigated by Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH)...
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The menstrual cycle is a recurrent sequence of changes in the uterine endometrium, specifically its functional layer, the stratum functionalis. This cycle prepares the uterus for potential pregnancy. This cycle typically spans 21–35 days, averaging 28 days, and aligns with the ovarian cycle, regulated by fluctuating levels of ovarian hormones, primarily estrogen and progesterone.
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Updated: Mar 2, 2026

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Dismenorrea primaria en adolescentes

Daniela Ivanova Panova1, Aleksandra Atanasova Boshku2, Zoran B Stankovic3

  • 1Department for Reproductive Endocrinology and Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology, University Clinic for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, North Macedonia.

Best practice & research. Clinical obstetrics & gynaecology
|February 28, 2026
PubMed
Resumen

La dismenorrea primaria es común en adolescentes y a menudo se diagnostica erróneamente. El reconocimiento temprano y un enfoque de tratamiento paso a paso son cruciales para un manejo eficaz y para descartar causas secundarias como la endometriosis.

Palabras clave:
AdolescentesDismenorrea primariaGráfico de tratamiento paso a paso

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Ginecología
  • Medicina del Adolescente
  • Manejo del Dolor

Sus antecedentes:

  • La dismenorrea es un problema ginecológico frecuente en adolescentes.
  • El diagnóstico preciso se basa en gran medida en el historial del paciente, distinguiendo las causas primarias de las secundarias.
  • El diagnóstico tardío puede deberse a varios factores, lo que afecta la atención oportuna y adecuada.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Proporcionar una revisión narrativa de la dismenorrea primaria en adolescentes.
  • Discutir los factores de riesgo, la fisiopatología, el diagnóstico y las opciones de tratamiento.
  • Proponer un algoritmo de tratamiento y enfatizar la reevaluación de causas secundarias si la terapia inicial falla.

Principales métodos:

  • Revisión narrativa de la literatura existente sobre la dismenorrea primaria en adolescentes.
  • Análisis de los desafíos diagnósticos y las estrategias de tratamiento.
  • Desarrollo de un algoritmo de tratamiento paso a paso.

Principales resultados:

  • El historial del paciente es vital para diagnosticar la dismenorrea primaria.
  • Los medicamentos de venta libre pueden ser un tratamiento inicial basado únicamente en el historial.
  • Es necesaria la reevaluación en casos que no responden al tratamiento inicial para identificar afecciones secundarias como la endometriosis.

Conclusiones:

  • Se necesita una mayor concienciación sobre la dismenorrea primaria y su manejo entre los profesionales de la salud y quienes trabajan con adolescentes.
  • Un enfoque estructurado para el diagnóstico y el tratamiento puede mejorar los resultados.
  • La identificación y el manejo tempranos de las causas secundarias son esenciales.