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Nanopartículas bifuncionales basadas en hidroxipropil β-ciclodextrina esterificada/quitosano cuaternario de amonio
Shanglin Li1, Shuaiyan Liu1, Yiding Yu2
1Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China.
Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.)
|February 28, 2026
Resumen
Las nuevas nanopartículas orales combinan curcumina antiinflamatoria con antocianina que regula el microbioma para la terapia de la colitis ulcerosa (CU). Estas nanopartículas adaptables muestran potencial para tratar la colitis y avanzar en la nutrición de precisión.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencia de Biomateriales; Gastroenterología; Investigación del Microbioma
Sus antecedentes:
- La terapia de la colitis ulcerosa (CU) enfrenta desafíos debido a la complejidad del ambiente gastrointestinal. Las nanopartículas (NP) orales requieren adaptabilidad para intervenciones consistentes y específicas en el intestino.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Diseñar y desarrollar NP adaptables al microambiente gastrointestinal para la terapia integrada de la CU. Utilizar curcumina (Cur) para efectos antiinflamatorios y antocianina (Cy) para la modulación del microbioma. Lograr resultados terapéuticos duales a través de NP bifuncionales autoensambladas.
Principales métodos:
- Se sintetizaron HPCD modificadas con CA (CACD) y HPCD modificadas con SA (SACD) mediante esterificación. Se autoensamblaron NP utilizando HTCC, Cur y Cy con HPCD modificadas. Se evaluó la eficiencia de encapsulación (EE) y la capacidad (EC) de las NP en un rango de pH (2.0-7.0). Se evaluó la eficacia terapéutica in vivo, analizando los niveles de citoquinas, el daño tisular y la composición de la microbiota intestinal.
Principales resultados:
- Las NP exhibieron alta EE y EC de Cur en un rango de pH de 2.0-7.0, lo que indica una adaptabilidad gastrointestinal significativa. Los estudios in vivo demostraron la mejora de los síntomas de la colitis, la reducción de las citoquinas proinflamatorias y la atenuación del daño tisular. Formulaciones específicas de NP modularon la microbiota intestinal, enriqueciendo bacterias beneficiosas (grupo Eubacterium siraeum, Prevotellaceae) o favoreciendo Peptococcus, lo que podría mejorar la regulación inmune.
Conclusiones:
- Las NP bifuncionales ofrecen una nueva estrategia terapéutica para la colitis ulcerosa. Estas NP representan un enfoque prometedor para intervenciones de nutrición de precisión. Las NP desarrolladas demuestran capacidades efectivas antiinflamatorias y de modulación del microbioma para el tratamiento integrado de la CU.
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