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Trasplante renal incompatible con ABO en Pakistán: Un gran avance
Naveed Sarwar1, Umar Alam1, Nubair Sarwar2
1Bahria international hospital safari, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
Transplantation proceedings
|February 28, 2026
Resumen
Pakistán
Área de la Ciencia:
- Nefrología
- Inmunología de trasplantes
- Salud pública
Sus antecedentes:
- La nefropatía terminal (ESKD) está aumentando en Pakistán, una nación con recursos limitados.
- El trasplante renal de donante vivo emparentado es un tratamiento viable, pero existen limitaciones en el grupo de donantes.
- El trasplante renal incompatible con ABO puede ampliar las opciones de donantes.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Informar sobre los resultados del programa de trasplante renal incompatible con ABO más grande de Pakistán.
- Evaluar la viabilidad y eficacia del trasplante renal incompatible con ABO en un entorno con recursos limitados.
Principales métodos:
- Implementación de un programa de trasplante renal incompatible con ABO a gran escala a partir de febrero de 2023.
- Protocolo de desensibilización pre-trasplante que incluye rituximab, tacrolimus, ácido micofenólico, esteroides y aféresis.
- Monitorización de la función del injerto, la supervivencia del paciente, los episodios de rechazo y las complicaciones durante un seguimiento medio de 12 meses.
Principales resultados:
- Se realizaron 21 trasplantes renales incompatibles con ABO.
- Excelente supervivencia del injerto a corto plazo (sin pérdida del injerto) con una creatinina sérica media de 1,1 mg/dL.
- Ocurrió un rechazo agudo en 3 pacientes (14,3%) y se trató con éxito.
- Dos complicaciones infecciosas provocaron la muerte.
Conclusiones:
- El trasplante renal de donante vivo incompatible con ABO es factible y eficaz en Pakistán, y ofrece excelentes resultados del injerto a corto plazo.
- Las complicaciones infecciosas y cardíacas representan desafíos significativos que requieren un manejo cuidadoso.
- Este enfoque amplía las opciones de trasplante renal en países con recursos limitados.
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