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Complicaciones y desafíos de la cirugía refractiva

Henry Bair¹, Ugochi T Aguwa, Zeba A Syed

¹Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.

Current opinion in ophthalmology

|March 2, 2026

Resumen

La cirugía refractiva, incluyendo LASIK, PRK, SMILE y procedimientos de lentes, puede tener complicaciones raras. Comprender y manejar estos riesgos es crucial para el éxito de los resultados y la satisfacción del paciente.

Área de la Ciencia:

Oftalmología; Innovación Quirúrgica

Sus antecedentes:

La cirugía refractiva tiene como objetivo corregir errores de visión.; Los procedimientos comunes incluyen LASIK, PRK, SMILE y cirugías basadas en lentes.

Objetivo del estudio:

Revisar las posibles complicaciones de las cirugías refractivas comunes.; Guiar a los cirujanos en las estrategias de prevención y manejo.

Principales métodos:

Revisión de la literatura sobre complicaciones de la cirugía refractiva.; Análisis de problemas comunes en LASIK, PRK, SMILE, ICL y RLE.

Principales resultados:

Complicaciones de LASIK, PRK, SMILE: problemas del colgajo, queratitis, opacidad, ojo seco, ectasia.; Riesgos de ICL: presión intraocular elevada, formación de cataratas.; Riesgos de RLE: disfotopsias, uveítis, desprendimiento de retina.

Conclusiones:

La cirugía refractiva generalmente tiene altas tasas de éxito, pero requiere vigilancia.; Los cirujanos necesitan un conocimiento exhaustivo para optimizar la seguridad y satisfacción del paciente.

Palabras clave:

lente collamer implantable queratomileusis in situ asistida por láser queratectomía fotorrefractiva recambio de lente refractiva cirugía refractiva extracción de lentículo de incisión pequeña

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