Validez de la estratificación del riesgo de la guía JSH 2025 basada en los cambios retinianos hipertensivos

Kazuo Eguchi1, Kimiko Okinaga2, Harumi Ukai3

  • 1Department of General Internal Medicine, Saitama Red Cross Hospital, Saitama, Japan. ke2126@pb3.so-net.ne.jp.

Buscamos evaluar la validez de la tabla de estratificación de riesgos de la guía de la Sociedad Japonesa de Hipertensión (JSH) 2025, basándonos en los cambios hipertensivos de fondo de ojo de Scheie. Analizamos los datos de los chequeos médicos del Hospital de la Cruz Roja de Saitama entre 2017 y 2024 de personas que se sometieron a un examen de fondo de ojo (N = 6953). Basándonos en la tabla de estratificación de riesgos de la guía JSH 2025, se utilizaron la edad, el sexo, las comorbilidades, los antecedentes médicos y la presión arterial (PA) en el examen del chequeo médico para estratificar el riesgo en 12 grupos. Como parte original de este estudio, aquellos con una PA < 130/80 mmHg fueron examinados adicionalmente y se analizaron un total de 15 grupos. La primera categoría de riesgo y la PA < 130/80 mmHg se establecieron como grupo de control. A medida que aumentaban la categoría de riesgo y el nivel de PA, la tasa de cambios hipertensivos de Scheie aumentó significativamente. Del mismo modo, la tasa de cambios escleróticos de Scheie también aumentó significativamente. En el rango de PA < 130/80 mmHg, la tasa de cambios de fondo de ojo aumentó significativamente a medida que aumentaba la categoría de riesgo. En conclusión, la tabla de estratificación de riesgos de la guía JSH 2025 fue válida basándose en los cambios hipertensivos de Scheie en sujetos sometidos a chequeos médicos. Además, aquellos con una PA < 130/80 mmHg podrían añadirse a la tabla de estratificación de riesgos.

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