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Published on: December 15, 2011
Enfermedad celíaca y malignidad
Lancet (London, England)
|January 15, 1983
Resumen
Los pacientes con enfermedad celíaca enfrentan un mayor riesgo de desarrollar cánceres, especialmente linfomas y adenocarcinomas del intestino delgado. Este estudio pone de relieve el aumento del riesgo de cáncer en las personas con enfermedad celíaca.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Gastroenterología y Gastroenterología.
- Oncología Oncología.
- Epidemiología La epidemiología.
Sus antecedentes:
- La enfermedad celíaca (EC) es un trastorno autoinmune desencadenado por la ingestión de gluten.
- Se sabe que las personas con CD tienen un mayor riesgo de ciertos tipos de cáncer, particularmente los linfomas gastrointestinales.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar el espectro y la incidencia de neoplasias malignas en pacientes diagnosticados con enfermedad celíaca.
- Para comparar los riesgos de cáncer en pacientes con enfermedad celíaca con la población general.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis retrospectivo de 235 pacientes con enfermedad celíaca histológicamente confirmada.
- Revisión de 259 tumores malignos histológicamente confirmados diagnosticados en estos pacientes.
- Comparación de la incidencia de cáncer observada con los datos nacionales de registro de cáncer ajustados por edad y sexo.
Principales resultados:
- 133 de las malignidades eran linfomas malignos, siendo la histiocitosis maligna el tipo predominante, afectando principalmente al intestino delgado.
- Se observó un riesgo significativamente mayor de adenocarcinomas del intestino delgado (19 casos frente a 0.23 esperados).
- También se observaron tasas elevadas de carcinomas de células escamosas esofágicas y faríngeas.
Conclusiones:
- La enfermedad celíaca se asocia con un riesgo sustancialmente elevado de desarrollar neoplasias malignas, incluidos linfomas y adenocarcinomas.
- El intestino delgado es un sitio común para estos tumores malignos en pacientes con enfermedad celíaca.
- Se justifica una mayor investigación y vigilancia para los pacientes con enfermedad celíaca con respecto al riesgo de cáncer.
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