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La profilaxis por vacunación de la fiebre Q asociada al matadero
Lancet (London, England)
|December 22, 1984
Resumen
La vacunación contra la fiebre Q en los trabajadores de los mataderos es segura y efectiva. Un estudio no mostró casos de fiebre Q en individuos vacunados, reduciendo significativamente la enfermedad en comparación con los trabajadores no vacunados.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud ocupacional y salud en el trabajo.
- Enfermedades infecciosas Enfermedades infecciosas.
- Vacunología Vacunología.
Sus antecedentes:
- La fiebre Q es una preocupación significativa de salud ocupacional para los carniceros australianos.
- Los recientes brotes en mataderos ponen de relieve la necesidad de medidas efectivas de control.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar la seguridad y eficacia de una vacuna de fase 1 contra la Coxiella burnetii en trabajadores de mataderos.
- Evaluar el impacto de la vacunación en la incidencia de fiebre Q en una población de alto riesgo.
Principales métodos:
- 924 trabajadores de mataderos no inmunes recibieron una dosis única de vacuna purificada, inactivada con formalina y Coxiella burnetii fase 1.
- Las tasas de seroconversión fueron monitoreadas después de la vacunación.
- La incidencia de fiebre Q se comparó entre individuos vacunados y no vacunados durante 18 meses.
Principales resultados:
- Se observaron tasas de seroconversión del 56% y 64% en los dos mataderos.
- No se produjeron casos de fiebre Q en sujetos completamente vacunados durante más de 18 meses.
- 34 casos de fiebre Q se produjeron en 1349 trabajadores no vacunados durante el mismo período.
Conclusiones:
- La vacuna purificada Coxiella burnetii fase 1 es segura y efectiva para prevenir la fiebre Q en los trabajadores de los mataderos.
- La vacunación reduce significativamente la incidencia de la fiebre Q en este grupo ocupacional de alto riesgo.
- La vacuna demostró un perfil de seguridad aceptable con sólo reacciones leves y transitorias.
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