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Abnormal Proliferation02:23

Abnormal Proliferation

Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the daughter...
Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes01:33

Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
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Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes01:05

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Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
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Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer01:03

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Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
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Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
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Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand  RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...

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Video Experimental Relacionado

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Induction of Mesenchymal-Epithelial Transitions in Sarcoma Cells
11:42

Induction of Mesenchymal-Epithelial Transitions in Sarcoma Cells

Published on: April 7, 2017

Un gen transformador presente en las líneas celulares del sarcoma humano.

C J Marshall, A Hall, R A Weiss

    Nature
    |September 9, 1982
    PubMed
    Resumen

    Los investigadores identificaron un nuevo gen transformador en los sarcomas humanos. Este gen, encontrado en el fibrosarcoma y el rabdomiosarcoma embrionario, difiere de los oncogenes previamente identificados en otros tumores humanos y carece de homología con los oncogenes retrovirales conocidos.

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    Área de la Ciencia:

    • Oncología Oncología.
    • Biología Molecular Biología Molecular
    • Genética La genética.

    Sus antecedentes:

    • La transfección de ADN en células NIH / 3T3 identifica secuencias de transformación en tumores humanos.
    • Se ha detectado actividad transformadora en varios tipos de tumores, incluidos carcinomas y malignidades hematológicas.
    • Las secuencias de transformación previamente identificadas variaron según el tipo de tumor, con cierta superposición entre los carcinomas de colon y pulmón.

    Objetivo del estudio:

    • Investigar la presencia y la naturaleza de los genes transformadores en las líneas celulares del sarcoma humano.
    • Para determinar si el gen transformador en los sarcomas es similar a los que se encuentran en otros tumores humanos.
    • Para evaluar la homología del gen transformador derivado del sarcoma con los oncogenes retrovirales conocidos.

    Principales métodos:

    • Transfección de ADN de las células NIH / 3T3.
    • Aislamiento y análisis de ADN de líneas celulares de fibrosarcoma humano y rabdomiosarcoma embrionario.
    • Análisis de manchas del sur para detectar homología con oncogenes retrovirales.

    Principales resultados:

    • El ADN de dos líneas celulares distintas de sarcoma humano (fibrosarcoma y rabdomiosarcoma embrionario) exhibió actividad de transformación.
    • El gen transformador identificado en ambos sarcomas era idéntico entre sí.
    • Este gen transformador específico del sarcoma no mostró homología detectable a ocho oncogenes retrovirales probados.

    Conclusiones:

    • Los sarcomas humanos albergan un gen transformador específico distinto de los que se encuentran en otros tipos de tumores.
    • El gen transformador identificado representa un nuevo oncogén no caracterizado previamente.
    • Se necesita más investigación para dilucidar la función y el mecanismo de este nuevo gen transformador asociado al sarcoma.