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Un gen de levadura que codifica una proteína homóloga al producto proto-oncogénico humano c-has/bas
Nature
|December 15, 1983
Resumen
Los científicos identificaron un gen de levadura en Saccharomyces cerevisiae que codifica una proteína homóloga a los proto-oncogenes humanos. Este descubrimiento ayuda a comprender las funciones proto-oncogénicas conservadas en los eucariotas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología Molecular Biología Molecular
- Genética La genética.
- La bioquímica es la bioquímica.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los protooncogenes son cruciales en la regulación celular y se conservan en todos los organismos eucariotas.
- El análisis genético en organismos más simples puede dilucidar la función de las proteínas conservadas.
- Drosophila melanogaster y Saccharomyces cerevisiae son organismos modelo potenciales para el estudio de homólogos de oncogenes.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para identificar y caracterizar las secuencias proto-oncogénicas en la levadura Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
- Investigar la homología entre las proteínas derivadas de la levadura y los productos de proto-oncogenes humanos.
- Para explorar la función potencial de los elementos proto-oncogénicos conservados en un modelo de eucariotas.
Principales métodos:
- Cribado del ADN de Saccharomyces cerevisiae en busca de secuencias homólogas a los oncogenes de los vertebrados.
- Identificación y secuenciación de genes en levaduras.
- Análisis de homología de proteínas comparando proteínas derivadas de levadura con productos humanos de proto-oncogén p21.
- Mapeo genético y análisis de expresión dentro del genoma de la levadura.
Principales resultados:
- Identificación de un gen de Saccharomyces cerevisiae que codifica una proteína de 206 aminoácidos (YP2).
- La proteína YP2 muestra una sorprendente homología con los productos del proto-oncogén p21 humano c-has/bas y las proteínas virales ras (v-rasH, v-rasK).
- El gen YP2 se encuentra en el cromosoma VI, entre los genes de actina y tubulina, y se expresa en las células en crecimiento.
Conclusiones:
- Saccharomyces cerevisiae posee un gen homólogo a los proto-oncogenes eucariotas, lo que sugiere funciones conservadas.
- La proteína de levadura identificada (YP2) puede compartir similitudes funcionales, como la capacidad de unión de nucleótidos, con las proteínas p21 humanas.
- Este hallazgo apoya el uso de la levadura como un sistema modelo para estudiar las funciones conservadas del proto-oncogén.
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