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Proteins that regulate transcription can do so either via direct contact with RNA Polymerase or through indirect interactions facilitated by adaptors, mediators, histone-modifying proteins, and nucleosome remodelers. Direct interactions to activate transcription is seen in bacteria as well as in some eukaryotic genes. In these cases, upstream activation sequences are adjacent to the promoters, and the activator proteins interact directly with the transcriptional machinery. For example, in...
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Cis-regulatory sequences are short fragments of non-coding DNA that are present on the same chromosomes as the genes that they regulate. These fragments serve as binding sites for transcriptional regulators, proteins that are responsible for controlling gene transcription and differential gene expression across cell types in eukaryotes. Cis-regulatory sequences can be close to the gene of interest or thousands of bases away in the DNA sequence; however, those sequences that are further away are...
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Eukaryotic Transcription Activators02:42

Eukaryotic Transcription Activators

Transcription activators are proteins that promote the transcription of genes from DNA to RNA. In most cases, these proteins contain two separate domains ‒ a domain that binds to DNA and a domain for activating transcription; however, in some cases, a single domain is responsible for both binding and activation of transcription, as seen in the glucocorticoid receptor and MyoD.
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Cis-regulatory Sequences

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Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP) to Assay Dynamic Histone Modification in Activated Gene Expression in Human Cells
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Published on: July 30, 2010

La transcripción del gen de la inmunoglobulina es activada por los elementos de la secuencia aguas abajo.

C Queen, D Baltimore

    Cell
    |July 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Resumen

    Los investigadores identificaron secuencias de ADN cruciales para la regulación de la expresión génica de la inmunoglobulina kappa. Estas secuencias, ubicadas aguas abajo de la región J kappa, son esenciales para la transcripción genética precisa en las células de mieloma.

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    Published on: March 7, 2018

    Área de la Ciencia:

    • Inmunología Inmunología.
    • Biología Molecular Biología Molecular
    • Genética La genética.

    Sus antecedentes:

    • La expresión génica de la inmunoglobulina Kappa está estrictamente regulada.
    • Comprender las secuencias de ADN reguladoras es clave para controlar la producción de anticuerpos.

    Objetivo del estudio:

    • Identificar y caracterizar las secuencias de ADN que regulan la expresión génica de la inmunoglobulina kappa.
    • Para determinar el papel de las secuencias aguas abajo en la transcripción del gen kappa.

    Principales métodos:

    • Desarrollo de un ensayo de expresión transitoria para la detección de la transcripción del gen kappa.
    • Transfección de genes kappa clonados y reorganizados en líneas celulares de mieloma de ratón y mono.
    • Análisis de eliminación del gen kappa para identificar los elementos reguladores.

    Principales resultados:

    • La transcripción se detectó a partir de un gen kappa reorganizado en las células de mieloma.
    • La eliminación de las secuencias aguas abajo abolió la transcripción en las células de mieloma, lo que indica su necesidad.
    • La transcripción también se detectó en células de mono, pero fue más baja e independiente de las secuencias aguas abajo.

    Conclusiones:

    • Una secuencia de ADN aguas abajo del promotor de la región variable kappa es esencial para la iniciación precisa de la transcripción en las células de mieloma.
    • Estas secuencias aguas abajo juegan un papel crítico en la regulación de la expresión génica de la inmunoglobulina kappa.