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Videos de Conceptos Relacionados

Antibody Structure01:10

Antibody Structure

Overview
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
The Y-Shaped Structure of Antibodies Consists of Four Polypeptide Chains
Antibodies consist of four polypeptide chains: two identical heavy...
Antibody Structure01:10

Antibody Structure

Overview
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
The Y-Shaped Structure of Antibodies Consists of Four Polypeptide Chains
Antibodies consist of four polypeptide chains: two identical heavy...
Protein Complexes with Interchangeable Parts01:57

Protein Complexes with Interchangeable Parts

Groups of proteins may form a complex where each protein in this complex has a different role in the overall execution of the complex’s function. Often some of the proteins in the complex can be replaced by a closely related variant to give a complex that contains many of the same components yet is functionally distinct.
The SCF ubiquitin ligase is a protein complex of five individual proteins. This complex attaches ubiquitin to other target proteins to mark them for degradation. In order to...
Structure of Cadherins01:25

Structure of Cadherins

The cadherins were one of the first cell adhesion molecules discovered; the term “cadherins”   is based on their calcium-dependent adhering properties. The first cadherins discovered on the epithelial, neuronal, and placental cells were named E-cadherin, P-cadherin, and N-cadherin, respectively. These classical cadherins share sequence and structural similarities. Other cadherins, including those involved in cell signaling, are grouped into non-classical cadherins. This diversity of cadherins...
Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules01:31

Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules

Immunoglobulin-like cell adhesion molecules or Ig-CAMs are a versatile group of cell surface glycoproteins belonging to the immunoglobulin protein superfamily. Ig-CAMs possess the characteristic immunoglobulin protein domains and other domains such as the fibronectin type III domain. The Ig domains are glycosylated to varying degrees in different Ig-CAMs.
Ig-CAMs exhibit either homophilic binding (to other Ig-CAMs) or heterophilic binding (to other ligands such as integrins). While most Ig-CAMs...
Complement System01:27

Complement System

The complement system is a group of approximately 20 plasma proteins that strengthen the body's defenses against infections through opsonization, inflammation, and cell lysis. Opsonization involves coating pathogens with complement proteins, making them more recognizable and facilitating phagocyte engulfment. Certain complement proteins induce inflammation that attracts immune cells to the site of infection. Cell lysis involves the destruction of pathogens through the formation of a membrane...

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Video Experimental Relacionado

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High-resolution Melting PCR for Complement Receptor 1 Length Polymorphism Genotyping: An Innovative Tool for Alzheimer's Disease Gene Susceptibility Assessment
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La base estructural de las múltiples formas del componente C4 del complemento humano.

K T Belt, M C Carroll, R R Porter

    Cell
    |April 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Resumen

    Los investigadores secuenciaron los alelos C4A y C4B de los componentes del complemento humano, revelando la secuencia completa de aminoácidos para el precursor C4 y las formas secretadas. Este estudio identificó diferencias de nucleótidos entre C4A y C4B, y dentro de los alelos C4A.

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    Área de la Ciencia:

    • Inmunología Inmunología.
    • Biología Molecular Biología Molecular
    • Genética La genética.

    Sus antecedentes:

    • Los componentes del complemento humano C4A y C4B son cruciales para la respuesta inmune.
    • Estos componentes son altamente polimórficos, con implicaciones significativas para la función inmune y la susceptibilidad a las enfermedades.
    • Comprender sus variaciones genéticas es esencial para la investigación inmunológica.

    Objetivo del estudio:

    • Para determinar la secuencia completa de aminoácidos del precursor C4 del complemento humano y las formas secretadas.
    • Para identificar las diferencias en la secuencia de nucleótidos entre los alelos C4A y C4B.
    • Para investigar las variaciones alélicas dentro del gen C4A.

    Principales métodos:

    • Preparación de clones de ADNc de ARNm hepático humano de un donante heterocigótico.
    • Secuenciación del ADNc del alelo C4A para obtener secuencias de aminoácidos.
    • Análisis comparativo de las secuencias de alelos C4A y C4B.

    Principales resultados:

    • Se determinó la secuencia completa de aminoácidos del precursor de cadena única C4 de 1722 residuos.
    • Se obtuvieron secuencias de aminoácidos estimadas para las tres cadenas de péptidos del C4 secretado.
    • Identificación tentativa de diferencias en la secuencia de nucleótidos entre C4A y C4B, y diferencias alélicas dentro de C4A.

    Conclusiones:

    • El estudio proporciona una secuencia completa de aminoácidos para el complemento humano C4.
    • Las variaciones de secuencia identificadas contribuyen a la comprensión del polimorfismo alélico C4A/C4B y C4A.
    • Estos hallazgos avanzan en la comprensión molecular del sistema de complemento humano.