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Videos de Conceptos Relacionados

Chromosome Structure02:40

Chromosome Structure

A functional eukaryotic chromosome must contain three elements: a centromere, telomeres, and numerous origins of replication.
The centromere is a DNA sequence that links sister chromatids. This is also where kinetochores, protein complexes to which spindle microtubules attach, are constructed after the chromosome is replicated. The kinetochores allow the spindle microtubules to move the chromosomes within the cell during cell division.
Telomeres consist of non-coding repetitive nucleotide...
Polytene Chromosomes02:04

Polytene Chromosomes

Polytene chromosomes are giant interphase chromosomes with several DNA strands placed side by side. They were discovered in the year 1881 by Balbiani in salivary glands, intestine, muscles, malpighian tubules, and hypoderm of larvae Chironomus plumosus. Hence, these are also called "Salivary gland chromosomes." These are found in insects of the order Diptera and Collembola; in certain organs of mammals; and synergids, antipodes of flowering plants. Polytene chromosomes are also regularly...
LTR Retrotransposons03:08

LTR Retrotransposons

LTR retrotransposons are class I transposable elements with long terminal repeats flanking an internal coding region. These elements are less abundant in mammals compared to other class I transposable elements. About 8 percent of human genomic DNA comprises LTR retrotransposons. Some of the common examples of LTR retrotransposons are Ty elements in yeast and Copia elements in Drosophila.
The internal coding region of LTR retrotransposons and their mechanism of transposition closely resembles a...
Chromosome Structure02:40

Chromosome Structure

A functional eukaryotic chromosome must contain three elements: a centromere, telomeres, and numerous origins of replication.
The centromere is a DNA sequence that links sister chromatids. This is also where kinetochores, protein complexes to which spindle microtubules attach, are constructed after the chromosome is replicated. The kinetochores allow the spindle microtubules to move the chromosomes within the cell during cell division.
Telomeres consist of non-coding repetitive nucleotide...
Polytene Chromosomes02:04

Polytene Chromosomes

Polytene chromosomes are giant interphase chromosomes with several DNA strands placed side by side. They were discovered in the year 1881 by Balbiani in salivary glands, intestine, muscles, malpighian tubules, and hypoderm of larvae Chironomus plumosus. Hence, these are also called "Salivary gland chromosomes." These are found in insects of the order Diptera and Collembola; in certain organs of mammals; and synergids, antipodes of flowering plants. Polytene chromosomes are also regularly...
Replication in Eukaryotes01:29

Replication in Eukaryotes

In eukaryotic cells, DNA replication is highly conserved and tightly regulated. Multiple linear chromosomes must be duplicated with high fidelity before cell division, so there are many proteins that fulfill specialized roles in the replication process. Replication occurs in three phases: initiation, elongation, and termination, and ends with two complete sets of chromosomes in the nucleus.
Many Proteins Orchestrate Replication at the Origin
Eukaryotic replication follows many of the same...

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Activation of the Ty1-copia group retrotransposons of potato (Solatium tuberosum) during protoplast isolation.

Plant cell reports·2013
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Genetic diversity in European Pisum germplasm collections.

TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik·2012
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Analysis of plant diversity with retrotransposon-based molecular markers.

Heredity·2010
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Effects of ascertainment bias and marker number on estimations of barley diversity from high-throughput SNP genotype data.

TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik·2010
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Ty1-copia retrotransposon-based SSAP marker development in cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.).

TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik·2005
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Retrotransposon-based molecular markers for linkage and genetic diversity analysis in wheat.

Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG·2003

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Analysis of LINE-1 Retrotransposition at the Single Nucleus Level
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Analysis of LINE-1 Retrotransposition at the Single Nucleus Level

Published on: April 23, 2016

El origen de los elementos extracromosómicos de copia circular.

A J Flavell, D Ish-Horowicz

    Cell
    |September 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Resumen

    Los elementos de copia circular, estudiados a través de la secuencia de nucleótidos y el análisis de enzimas de restricción, muestran roles potenciales en la transposición de la copia. Los círculos reordenados sugieren la integración en sus propias secuencias, similar a los retrovirus.

    Área de la Ciencia:

    • Biología Molecular Biología Molecular
    • Genética La genética.
    • Retrovirología de la retrovirología.

    Sus antecedentes:

    • Los elementos de copia son retrotransposones que se encuentran en Drosophila.
    • Las formas circulares extracromosómicas de los elementos de copia (círculos de copia) se encuentran en las células.
    • La formación y la función de los círculos de copia siguen siendo incompletamente entendidas.

    Objetivo del estudio:

    • Investigar los mecanismos de formación de elementos de copia circular extracromosómicos clonados.
    • Explorar las funciones potenciales de los círculos de copia en la transposición de la copia.
    • Para aclarar la relación entre los elementos de copia y los retrovirus.

    Principales métodos:

    • Análisis de la secuencia de nucleótidos de círculos de copia clonados.

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  • Análisis de enzimas de restricción de los círculos de copia.
  • Análisis comparativo de la secuencia con formas circulares retrovirales.

    • Principales resultados:

    • Se identificaron círculos de copia reordenados con segmentos invertidos y duplicaciones de secuencias flanqueantes.
    • Se observó heterogeneidad de secuencia, incluyendo inserciones de 0-15 bp, en las uniones de repeticiones directas terminales fusionadas en siete círculos de copia.
    • Las secuencias de unión observadas eran inconsistentes con la formación a través de la transcripción inversa.

    Conclusiones:

    • Los elementos circulares de copia pueden integrarse en sus propias secuencias, formando moléculas reordenadas.
    • La similitud estructural entre los círculos de copia reorganizados y los círculos retrovirales apoya una relación entre los elementos similares a la copia y los retrovirus.
    • Es probable que la formación de estas moléculas de copia circular específicas implique mecanismos distintos de la transcripción inversa estándar.