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Asociación con discinesia neuroléptica inducida persistente de cambios regionales en la síntesis cerebral de GABA
Nature
|May 24, 1984
Resumen
La discinesia tardía, un efecto secundario neuroléptico, fue estudiada en monos Cebus apella. La reducción del ácido gamma-aminobutírico (GABA) en regiones específicas del cerebro sugiere alteraciones del sistema neuronal GABA en este trastorno del movimiento.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La neurociencia es la neurociencia.
- Farmacología Farmacología.
- Modelos de Primate Modelos de Primate es el nombre que se le da a los modelos de primates.
Sus antecedentes:
- La discinesia tardía es un trastorno del movimiento que resulta del tratamiento neuroléptico a largo plazo para la esquizofrenia.
- Los monos Cebus apella exhiben síntomas similares y sirven como un modelo animal potencial para la discinesia tardía.
- Los déficits motores en estos monos pueden persistir durante años después del cese de la droga.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar los cambios neuroquímicos en el cerebro de monos que exhiben discinesia tardía.
- Explorar el papel del sistema de ácido gamma-aminobutírico (GABA) en los trastornos del movimiento inducidos por neurolepticos.
Principales métodos:
- La administración de fármacos neuroelépticos a los monos de la especie Cebus apella.
- Evaluación de la función motora y persistencia de los síntomas.
- Medición de la actividad de la glutamato descarboxilasa y los niveles de GABA en regiones específicas del cerebro (substantia nigra, globo medial pálido, núcleo subtalamico).
Principales resultados:
- Los monos discinéticos mostraron defectos motores persistentes durante 1-6 años después del tratamiento.
- Se observaron niveles reducidos de actividad de la glutamato descarboxilasa y GABA en la sustancia negra, el globo pálido medial y el núcleo subtalamico de monos discinéticos.
- Los monos de control tratados con neurolepticos pero sin síntomas no exhibieron estos cambios neuroquímicos.
Conclusiones:
- Las alteraciones en el sistema de neuronas GABA están implicadas en el desarrollo de discinesia tardía inducida por fármacos neuroelépticos.
- El modelo del mono Cebus apella demuestra cambios neuroquímicos persistentes relevantes para la discinesia tardía.
- Estos hallazgos ponen de relieve la posible participación de los déficits GABAérgicos en la fisiopatología de la discinesia tardía.
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