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La naturaleza del peligro tecnológico
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|April 22, 1983
Resumen
Este estudio introduce la peligrosidad, un nuevo perfil para los peligros tecnológicos, utilizando factores físicos, biológicos y sociales. Este enfoque capta mejor la preocupación pública y ayuda a priorizar las estrategias de gestión de riesgos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias del medio ambiente Ciencias del medio ambiente.
- Evaluación del riesgo Evaluación del riesgo
- Sociología Sociología Sociología.
Sus antecedentes:
- La evaluación de riesgos convencional a menudo no logra capturar el alcance total de la preocupación pública con respecto a los peligros tecnológicos.
- Los métodos existentes pueden no abordar adecuadamente la naturaleza multifacética de los riesgos percibidos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Desarrollar y evaluar un perfil de peligro integral denominado "peligrosidad".
- Ampliar la definición convencional de evaluación de riesgos incorporando descriptores más amplios.
- Evaluar la utilidad de la peligrosidad para reflejar la percepción pública y guiar la gestión de riesgos.
Principales métodos:
- Evaluación de los peligros tecnológicos utilizando descriptores físicos, biológicos y sociales cuantitativos.
- Construcción de un perfil de peligro (peligrosidad) que se extienda más allá de las definiciones tradicionales de riesgo.
- Experimentos piloto para probar la percepción y la comprensión del perfil de peligrosidad.
Principales resultados:
- El perfil de peligrosidad fue comprendido en experimentos de percepción piloto.
- La peligrosidad parecía capturar una parte significativa de las preocupaciones de los laicos sobre los peligros.
- El perfil sugiere un método estructurado para priorizar la gestión de riesgos.
Conclusiones:
- La peligrosidad ofrece una representación más completa de la percepción pública de los riesgos tecnológicos.
- Este perfil de riesgo extendido proporciona un marco ordenado para la priorización efectiva de la gestión de riesgos.
- Los hallazgos apoyan el uso de la peligrosidad en la política ambiental y la comunicación pública con respecto a los riesgos tecnológicos.
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