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Videos de Conceptos Relacionados

Transcription01:10

Transcription

Overview
Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in the proper synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA). Regulation of transcription is responsible for the differentiation of all the different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds...
Transfer RNA Synthesis02:36

Transfer RNA Synthesis

One of the unique features of tRNA is the presence of modified bases. In some tRNAs, modified bases account for nearly 20% of the total bases in the molecule. Altogether, these unusual bases protect the tRNA from enzymatic degradation by RNases.
Each of these chemical modifications is carried by a specific enzyme, post-transcription. All of these enzymes have unique base and site-specificity. Methylation, the most common chemical modification, is carried by at least nine different enzymes, with...
Termination of Translation01:44

Termination of Translation

The large ribosomal subunit has several important structures essential to translation. These include the peptidyl transferase center (PTC) - which is the site where the peptide bond is formed - and a large, internal, water-filled tube through which the nascent polypeptide moves. This latter structure is called the Peptide Exit Tunnel, and it begins at the PTC and spans the body of the large ribosomal subunit. During translation, as the nascent polypeptide chain is synthesized, it passes through...
Transcription01:17

Transcription

Transcription is the synthesis of RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in correctly synthesizing messenger RNA (mRNA). Transcriptional regulation is responsible for the differentiation of different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds of RNA Molecules
In eukaryotes,...
Transfer RNA Synthesis02:36

Transfer RNA Synthesis

One of the unique features of tRNA is the presence of modified bases. In some tRNAs, modified bases account for nearly 20% of the total bases in the molecule. Altogether, these unusual bases protect the tRNA from enzymatic degradation by RNases.
Each of these chemical modifications is carried by a specific enzyme, post-transcription. All of these enzymes have unique base and site-specificity. Methylation, the most common chemical modification, is carried by at least nine different enzymes, with...
Termination of Translation01:44

Termination of Translation

The large ribosomal subunit has several important structures essential to translation. These include the peptidyl transferase center (PTC) - which is the site where the peptide bond is formed - and a large, internal, water-filled tube through which the nascent polypeptide moves. This latter structure is called the Peptide Exit Tunnel, and it begins at the PTC and spans the body of the large ribosomal subunit. During translation, as the nascent polypeptide chain is synthesized, it passes through...

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Streamlined Single Cell TCR Isolation and Generation of Retroviral Vectors for In Vitro and In Vivo Expression of Human TCRs
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El locus tyrT: terminación y procesamiento de una transcripción compleja.

J Rossi, J Egan, L Hudson

    Cell
    |November 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Resumen
    Este resumen es generado por máquina.

    El locus tyrT de E. coli tiene una región espaciadora con secuencias repetidas y sitios de terminación. Una proteína rho sensible a la temperatura afecta la lectura de la transcripción, revelando transcripciones de doble función para el tRNA y la proteína.

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    Área de la Ciencia:

    • Biología Molecular Biología Molecular
    • Genética La genética.
    • Microbiología Microbiología.

    Sus antecedentes:

    • El locus tyrT de Escherichia coli codifica dos copias de tRNATyr1, separadas por una región espaciadora.
    • Este espaciador contiene secuencias homólogas a las repeticiones que se encuentran más abajo en el locus tyrT.

    Objetivo del estudio:

    • Para investigar la estructura y función del locus tyrT en E. coli.
    • Para analizar los sitios de terminación de la transcripción y la naturaleza de la transcripción primaria.
    • Explorar el potencial de las transcripciones de doble función que codifican tanto el tRNA como las proteínas.

    Principales métodos:

    • Análisis de la secuencia y estructura del locus tyrT.
    • Investigación de la terminación de la transcripción utilizando una proteína rho sensible a la temperatura.
    • Identificación y caracterización de la transcripción primaria.

    Principales resultados:

    • El locus tyrT contiene un conjunto graduado de sitios de terminación de la transcripción espaciados a intervalos de 180 bases.
    • El sitio de terminación principal se encuentra dentro de la segunda unidad de repetición.
    • El aumento de la lectura se produce en este sitio con una proteína rho sensible a la temperatura, lo que lleva a la terminación en sitios aguas abajo.
    • La transcripción primaria codifica una proteína básica de bajo peso molecular, con pseudógenos en secuencias análogas debido a las sustituciones de bases.

    Conclusiones:

    • El locus tyrT exhibe una estructura compleja con potencial para transcripciones de doble función.
    • La regulación de la transcripción está influenciada por la proteína rho y los sitios de terminación.
    • Las secuencias homólogas en el espaciador y las repeticiones pueden representar pseudogenes para la codificación de proteínas.