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La presión arterial durante las actividades diarias normales, el sueño y el ejercicio. Comparación de los valores en
JAMA
|February 19, 1982
Resumen
El monitoreo ambulatorio de la presión arterial revela que si bien el trabajo eleva la presión arterial (PA) más y el sueño la reduce, las lecturas de la oficina predicen la PA de 24 horas en casos normales y establecidos de hipertensión, pero no en casos límite.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Cardiología Cardiología.
- Investigación de la Hipertensión Investigación de la Hipertensión
- Monitoreo ambulatorio de la presión arterial y la presión arterial.
Sus antecedentes:
- La variabilidad de la presión arterial (BP) en diferentes actividades diarias es crucial para comprender la hipertensión.
- Las mediciones estándar de presión arterial pueden no capturar completamente los patrones individuales de presión arterial.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para comparar las lecturas de presión arterial ambulatoria de 24 horas en diferentes situaciones (oficina del médico, trabajo, hogar, sueño) en individuos normales, hipertensivos limítrofes y hipertensivos establecidos.
- Para evaluar el valor predictivo de las lecturas de presión arterial en el consultorio del médico para la presión arterial promedio de 24 horas.
Principales métodos:
- Monitoreo ambulatorio no invasivo de la presión arterial durante 24 horas en 75 sujetos (25 normales, 25 hipertensión límite, 25 hipertensión esencial).
- La presión arterial se registró cada 15 minutos durante las visitas al consultorio médico, el trabajo, el hogar y el sueño.
- Las pruebas de ejercicio en cinta de correr utilizando el protocolo Bruce se realizaron por separado.
Principales resultados:
- Las lecturas más altas de presión arterial ocurrieron durante el trabajo, las más bajas durante el sueño en todos los grupos.
- Los grupos hipertensos mostraron una mayor presión arterial en la oficina que en el hogar, a diferencia de los sujetos normales.
- La presión arterial del consultorio médico predijo la presión arterial de 24 horas en grupos hipertensivos normales y establecidos, pero no en hipertensivos limítrofes.
Conclusiones:
- El monitoreo situacional de la presión arterial destaca variaciones significativas, con el trabajo y el sueño representando extremos de actividad.
- La presión arterial de la Oficina es un predictor confiable para la hipertensión normal y establecida, pero insuficiente para los casos límite.
- El monitoreo ambulatorio de 24 horas de la presión arterial es particularmente valioso para guiar las decisiones de tratamiento en la hipertensión límite.
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