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Alta tasa de conversión de tuberculina en los refugiados indochineses
JAMA
|December 10, 1982
Resumen
Un número significativo de refugiados indochinos experimentaron falsas conversiones positivas en las pruebas de tuberculosis (TB). Este fenómeno justifica una mayor investigación para comprender sus implicaciones para la salud pública.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud Pública La salud pública.
- Enfermedades infecciosas Enfermedades infecciosas.
- Epidemiología La epidemiología.
Sus antecedentes:
- La detección de la tuberculosis (TB) es crucial para los refugiados.
- Los refugiados indochinos reasentados en el condado de Monroe, Nueva York, se sometieron a pruebas de detección de tuberculosis.
- Se observó una alta prevalencia de pruebas cutáneas de tuberculina positivas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar el fenómeno de la conversión de la prueba cutánea de tuberculina (TST) en los refugiados indochineses.
- Para identificar los factores potenciales que contribuyen a la conversión TST.
- Evaluar las implicaciones para la salud pública de este fenómeno de conversión.
Principales métodos:
- Cribado de 664 refugiados indochineses para la tuberculosis desde enero de 1979 hasta diciembre de 1980.
- Utilizando la unidad de 5-tuberculina derivado de proteína purificada (PPD) prueba de Mantoux.
- Reevaluación de 217 refugiados con pruebas inicialmente negativas a los 60 días.
Principales resultados:
- El 46% de los refugiados inicialmente tenían TSTs positivos.
- El 43% de los refugiados con TSTs inicialmente negativos se convirtieron en positivos al volver a realizar las pruebas a los 60 días.
- Ninguno de los convertidores mostró evidencia de enfermedad tuberculosa activa, sin embargo, el 96% recibió terapia preventiva con isoniazida.
Conclusiones:
- Se observó una tasa de conversión TST significativa en los refugiados indochinos, sin relación con los cambios de políticas o parámetros específicos de prueba.
- El fenómeno de conversión puede estar relacionado con respuestas inmunes como el refuerzo o la anergia.
- Se necesita más investigación para comprender y manejar este potencial problema de salud pública.
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