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Las demandas cardíacas de la pala de nieve pesada requieren mucho esfuerzo
B A Franklin1, P Hogan, K Bonzheim
1Department of Medicine, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, MI 48009.
JAMA
|March 15, 1995
Resumen
El despeje pesado de nieve coloca importantes demandas cardiovasculares y aeróbicas en hombres no entrenados, comparables a las pruebas de ejercicio máximo. La remoción automática de nieve reduce significativamente estas respuestas fisiológicas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Fisiología del ejercicio Fisiología del ejercicio
- Salud Cardiovascular La salud cardiovascular.
- Medicina Ambiental La medicina ambiental es una medicina que tiene que ver con el ambiente.
Sus antecedentes:
- El paleado de nieve es una actividad común, particularmente en climas más fríos.
- La remoción manual de nieve es físicamente exigente y se ha relacionado con eventos cardiovasculares adversos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para comparar las respuestas fisiológicas al paleado manual de nieve frente al uso de un lanzador de nieve eléctrico.
- Evaluar las demandas cardiovasculares y aeróbicas de diferentes métodos de eliminación de nieve en hombres sanos y no entrenados.
Principales métodos:
- Un ensayo controlado de observación en el que participaron 10 hombres sanos sin entrenamiento.
- Los sujetos realizaron el paleado manual de nieve y utilizaron un lanzador de nieve eléctrico en un ambiente frío (2 ° C).
- Se registraron medidas fisiológicas como la frecuencia cardíaca, la presión arterial y la absorción de oxígeno y se compararon con pruebas de ejercicio máximo.
Principales resultados:
- El paleado manual de nieve provocó altas frecuencias cardíacas (hasta el 97% del máximo) y una presión arterial sistólica elevada (198 ± 17 mm Hg).
- Las respuestas cardiorrespiratorias y al esfuerzo percibido se redujeron significativamente con la remoción automática de nieve.
- Las demandas fisiológicas de la paleada fueron comparables a las pruebas máximas de brazo-ergómetro y cinta de correr.
Conclusiones:
- El trabajo pesado de palear nieve manualmente impone un considerable estrés miocárdico y aeróbico, similar al ejercicio máximo.
- Estos hallazgos resaltan los posibles riesgos cardiovasculares asociados con la remoción manual de nieve, especialmente para las personas sedentarias.
- La remoción automática de nieve ofrece una alternativa menos extenuante, lo que potencialmente reduce el riesgo de eventos cardiovasculares relacionados con el ejercicio.
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