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Bringing the Visible Universe into Focus with Robo-AO
Published on: February 12, 2013
Colisión del cometa Shoemaker-Levy 9 con Júpiter observada por las instalaciones del telescopio infrarrojo de la NASA
1Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena 91109.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|March 3, 1995
Resumen
Los impactos del cometa Shoemaker-Levy 9 calentaron significativamente la atmósfera de Júpiter, aumentando los niveles de amoníaco en más de 50 veces. Estos eventos también causaron perturbaciones atmosféricas generalizadas y aumentaron la actividad auroral.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias planetarias Ciencias planetarias.
- Ciencia de los Cometas Ciencia de los Cometas
- Física de la atmósfera Física de la atmósfera
Sus antecedentes:
- La colisión del cometa Shoemaker-Levy 9 con Júpiter en 1994 brindó una oportunidad única para estudiar los efectos del impacto en un gigante gaseoso.
- Las observaciones anteriores ofrecieron datos limitados sobre las consecuencias atmosféricas inmediatas de tales impactos a gran escala.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para analizar las respuestas atmosféricas y térmicas de Júpiter a los impactos del cometa Shoemaker-Levy 9.
- Para cuantificar los cambios en la composición atmosférica y la temperatura después de los impactos de fragmentos cometarios.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó el Telescopio Infrarrojo de la Administración Nacional de Aeronáutica y del Espacio (NASA) para las observaciones.
- Realizó espectroscopia infrarroja e imágenes térmicas del 12 de julio al 7 de agosto de 1994.
- Se analizan datos espectrales para determinar la composición atmosférica y los perfiles de temperatura.
Principales resultados:
- Se observó una intensa emisión infrarroja térmica durante varios minutos después del impacto para los fragmentos C, G y R.
- Documenta el calentamiento estratosférico en todos los impactos y el calentamiento troposférico en algunos casos.
- Se midió un aumento significativo en la abundancia de amoníaco estratosférico, que supera 50 veces la línea de base.
- Se detectaron partículas relacionadas con el impacto que alcanzaron altitudes con presiones de varios milibares.
- Se observó un aumento de casi cinco veces en la aurora polar norte de infrarrojo cercano aproximadamente una semana después de los impactos.
Conclusiones:
- Los impactos cometarios causan perturbaciones térmicas y químicas sustanciales y medibles en la atmósfera de Júpiter.
- El aumento de amoníaco observado sugiere un transporte vertical significativo y reacciones químicas dentro de la estratosfera de Júpiter.
- Las eyecciones de impacto pueden alcanzar altos niveles atmosféricos, influyendo en la dinámica atmosférica y en fenómenos observables como las auroras.
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