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Yeast As a Chassis for Developing Functional Assays to Study Human P53
Published on: August 4, 2019
mutaciones p53 en cánceres de pulmón de sobrevivientes no fumadores de la bomba atómica
Y Takeshima1, T Seyama, W P Bennett
1National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
Lancet (London, England)
|December 18, 1993
Resumen
Los carcinógenos del humo del tabaco están relacionados con el cáncer de pulmón. El análisis del gen supresor de tumores p53 en fumadores y no fumadores reveló patrones de mutación distintos, implicando el humo en el desarrollo del cáncer.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Oncología Oncología.
- Biología Molecular Biología Molecular
- Genética La genética.
Sus antecedentes:
- El humo del tabaco es un conocido carcinógeno relacionado con el cáncer de pulmón.
- El gen supresor de tumores p53 juega un papel crítico en la prevención del cáncer.
- Comprender las mutaciones genéticas en el cáncer de pulmón es crucial para identificar las causas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar los patrones de mutación del gen supresor de tumores p53 en cánceres de pulmón.
- Para comparar mutaciones entre fumadores y no fumadores, incluidos los sobrevivientes de la bomba atómica.
- Para aclarar el papel de los carcinógenos del humo del tabaco en la patogénesis molecular del cáncer de pulmón.
Principales métodos:
- Secuenciación de regiones conservadas del gen supresor de tumores p53.
- Análisis de muestras de tumores de 17 pacientes no fumadores con cáncer de pulmón (9 sobrevivientes de la bomba atómica) de Hiroshima.
- Análisis de muestras de tumores de 77 pacientes japoneses fumadores con cáncer de pulmón.
Principales resultados:
- Los cánceres de pulmón de no fumadores mostraron predominantemente transiciones G:C a A:T, sin transversiones G:C a T:A.
- Los cánceres de pulmón de fumadores exhibieron un predominio de G: C a T: A transversiones, con guanina en la hebra no transcrita.
- Se observaron firmas de mutación distintas entre los dos grupos.
Conclusiones:
- Los patrones específicos de mutación en los cánceres de pulmón de los fumadores implican fuertemente los carcinógenos del humo del tabaco.
- Estos hallazgos ponen de relieve los mecanismos moleculares por los cuales el humo del tabaco contribuye al desarrollo del cáncer de pulmón.
- Las mutaciones del gen p53 sirven como biomarcadores para la carcinogénesis inducida por el humo del tabaco.
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