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Alpha 9: un receptor de acetilcolina con nuevas propiedades farmacológicas expresadas en las células ciliadas
A B Elgoyhen1, D S Johnson, J Boulter
1Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California 92037.
Cell
|November 18, 1994
Resumen
Los investigadores aislaron y caracterizaron la subunidad alfa 9 del receptor nicotínico de acetilcolina. Este receptor se encuentra en las células ciliadas cocleares y puede modular la codificación de estímulos auditivos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La neurociencia es la neurociencia.
- Biología Molecular Biología Molecular
- Ciencia de la Auditoría Ciencia de la Auditoría
Sus antecedentes:
- Los receptores colinérgicos juegan un papel en los sistemas sensoriales.
- Los receptores nicotínicos de acetilcolina (nAChR) son una familia diversa de canales iónicos ligandos.
- La función específica de ciertas subunidades nAChR en las células ciliadas sensoriales aún no se ha aclarado completamente.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Aislar y caracterizar funcionalmente una nueva subunidad del receptor nicotínico de acetilcolina, designada alfa 9.
- Para investigar las propiedades farmacológicas y el patrón de expresión del receptor alfa 9.
- Para determinar el papel potencial del receptor alfa 9 en el sistema auditivo.
Principales métodos:
- Aislamiento y clonación del gen alfa 9.
- Expresión del ARNc alfa 9 en los ovocitos de Xenopus.
- Caracterización funcional utilizando la activación de la acetilcolina.
- Perfilado farmacológico del receptor expresado.
- La hibridación in situ para determinar patrones de expresión génica.
Principales resultados:
- Se aisló con éxito y se caracterizó funcionalmente la subunidad del receptor de acetilcolina nicotínica alfa 9.
- La subunidad alfa 9 forma un complejo homomérico receptor-canal activado por la acetilcolina.
- El receptor alfa 9 exhibe un perfil farmacológico único mezclado nicotínico-muscarínico.
- La expresión del gen alfa 9 está restringida a células específicas, incluidas las células ciliadas externas en la cóclea de la rata.
- Las propiedades del receptor alfa 9 se alinean con el receptor colinérgico en las células ciliadas cocleares de los vertebrados.
Conclusiones:
- El receptor de acetilcolina nicotínica alfa 9 es un componente clave de la inervación eferente colinérgica de las células ciliadas cocleares.
- Este receptor probablemente juega un papel importante en la modulación de la codificación de los estímulos auditivos.
- Las propiedades farmacológicas únicas sugieren funciones especializadas dentro de la vía auditiva.
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