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A Modified EPA Method 1623 that Uses Tangential Flow Hollow-fiber Ultrafiltration and Heat Dissociation Steps to Detect Waterborne Cryptosporidium and Giardia spp.
Published on: July 9, 2012
Un brote de criptosporidiosis causado por la sidra de manzana recién prensada
P S Millard1, K F Gensheimer, D G Addiss
1Division of Disease Control, Maine Bureau of Health, Augusta 04333.
JAMA
|November 23, 1994
Resumen
Un brote de 1993 relacionado con la sidra de manzana en una feria agrícola de Maine demostró la transmisión de Cryptosporidium por los alimentos. Esto pone de relieve el riesgo de que los agentes infecciosos en los entornos agrícolas contaminen los suministros de alimentos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Epidemiología La epidemiología.
- Enfermedades infecciosas Enfermedades infecciosas.
- Seguridad Alimentaria Seguridad de los alimentos.
Sus antecedentes:
- Cryptosporidium es un patógeno entérico emergente, con una transmisión por agua bien documentada.
- La transmisión de Cryptosporidium a través de los alimentos ha sido rara vez reportada.
- Un brote en Maine en 1993 involucró a estudiantes y personal en una feria agrícola escolar.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar la causa y las rutas de transmisión de un brote de criptosporidiosis en una feria agrícola escolar.
- Para identificar los factores de riesgo asociados con el brote.
- Para documentar la transmisión de Cryptosporidium a través de los alimentos.
Principales métodos:
- Se llevaron a cabo investigaciones ambientales y de laboratorio.
- Se realizó un estudio de cohorte en el que participaron asistentes a la feria y miembros de sus hogares.
- Las definiciones de casos incluyeron criptosporidiosis clínica o confirmada por laboratorio, caracterizada por diarrea o vómitos.
Principales resultados:
- Las encuestas identificaron 160 casos primarios entre 611 asistentes.
- Beber sidra de manzana prensada a mano aumentó significativamente el riesgo de criptosporidiosis (riesgo relativo, 26).
- Se encontraron ovocitos de Cryptosporidium en la sidra de manzana, la prensa de sidra y las heces de un ternero, lo que confirma la contaminación y la transmisión por alimentos; la transmisión doméstica secundaria fue del 15%.
Conclusiones:
- Este brote representa la primera documentación a gran escala de la transmisión de Cryptosporidium a través de los alimentos.
- Los hallazgos enfatizan la necesidad crítica de que los productores agrícolas implementen medidas para prevenir la contaminación de los alimentos por agentes infecciosos asociados a la granja.
- Las prácticas mejoradas de seguridad alimentaria son cruciales para mitigar los riesgos de patógenos como Cryptosporidium en entornos de producción de alimentos.
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