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Diferencias en la densidad ósea del fémur proximal durante dos siglos
B Lees1, T Molleson, T R Arnett
1Wynn Institute for Metabolic Research, London, UK.
Lancet (London, England)
|March 13, 1993
Resumen
Las mujeres modernas experimentan una pérdida ósea más rápida que las de hace dos siglos, lo que podría explicar el aumento de las fracturas de cadera por osteoporosis. Este estudio comparó la densidad ósea histórica con los niveles actuales, destacando diferencias significativas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La investigación de la osteoporosis en las investigaciones de la osteoporosis.
- Paleopatología Paleopatología.
- Densitometría ósea de densidad ósea.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las fracturas de cadera por osteoporosis están aumentando en el norte de Europa, superando los aumentos debido a la mayor esperanza de vida.
- La densidad ósea es un factor crítico para determinar el riesgo de fractura.
- Los restos históricos de esqueletos ofrecen una oportunidad única para estudiar los cambios a largo plazo en la salud ósea.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para comparar la tasa de pérdida ósea en el fémur de los siglos XVIII-XIX con la de las mujeres actuales.
- Investigar posibles factores que contribuyen a la creciente incidencia de fracturas de cadera por osteoporosis.
Principales métodos:
- Se utilizó la absorptiometría de rayos X de doble energía (DXA) para evaluar la densidad ósea.
- Se compararon muestras esqueléticas de 1729-1852 (Spitalfields, Londres) con la densidad ósea de las mujeres contemporáneas.
- El análisis incluyó grupos premenopáusicos y posmenopáusicos, con análisis de sensibilidad para la edad en la menopausia.
Principales resultados:
- Las mujeres modernas exhiben una tasa significativamente mayor de pérdida ósea en comparación con las mujeres de hace dos siglos (p <0,05 pre-menopáusico, p <0,01 post-menopáusico).
- La pérdida ósea acelerada en las mujeres modernas se observó en la región del triángulo de Ward y persistió a través de diferentes edades menopáusicas asumidas.
- Estos hallazgos sugieren que las diferencias históricas en las tasas de pérdida ósea pueden contribuir a los aumentos contemporáneos de fracturas de cadera.
Conclusiones:
- La pérdida ósea acelerada en las mujeres modernas en comparación con las poblaciones históricas puede explicar en parte la creciente incidencia de fracturas de cadera por osteoporosis.
- La reducción de la actividad física en las mujeres actuales es un factor potencial que contribuye al aumento de la pérdida ósea.
- Se necesita más investigación para dilucidar las razones precisas de estas diferencias observadas en las tasas de pérdida ósea a lo largo del tiempo.
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