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Introduction to Solid Supported Membrane Based Electrophysiology
Published on: May 11, 2013
Caracterización molecular de un transportador de membrana para lactato, piruvato y otros monocarboxilatos:
C K Garcia1, J L Goldstein, R K Pathak
1Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas 75235.
Cell
|March 11, 1994
Resumen
Los investigadores clonaron MCT1, un transportador de monocarboxilato crucial para el transporte de lactato y piruvato a través de las membranas celulares. Este transportador juega un papel clave en el metabolismo energético en varios tejidos, incluidos el músculo y el esperma.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La bioquímica es la bioquímica.
- Biología Molecular Biología Molecular
- Fisiología Fisiología Fisiología.
Sus antecedentes:
- El transporte de lactato y piruvato a través de las membranas celulares está mediado por transportadores de monocarboxilato (MCT).
- La identidad molecular de los eritrocitos humanos primarios MCT ha permanecido esquiva.
- Los MCT son críticos para el metabolismo de la energía celular y el transporte de sustratos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Clonar y caracterizar el ADNc que codifica el principal transportador de monocarboxilato de eritrocitos humanos.
- Para investigar la distribución del tejido y las propiedades funcionales del transportador clonado.
- Para aclarar el papel de este transportador en varios procesos fisiológicos.
Principales métodos:
- La clonación de un ADNc que codifica un transportador de monocarboxilato (MCT1).
- Caracterización funcional de MCT1, incluido el simporte de protones, la aceleración trans y la sensibilidad al inhibidor.
- Análisis de la expresión de MCT1 en varios tejidos humanos utilizando técnicas de biología molecular y celular.
Principales resultados:
- El ADNc clonado codifica MCT1, un transportador funcional de monocarboxilato con propiedades similares a las de los eritrocitos MCT.
- MCT1 exhibe simporte de protones, aceleración trans y sensibilidad a sus compañeros de alfa-cianosina.
- Una sustitución de un solo aminoácido (Phe a Cys) en MCT1 lo convierte en un transportador de mevalonato (Mev).
- MCT1 está altamente expresado en los eritrocitos, el músculo cardíaco y el epitelio intestinal basolateral.
- La expresión del músculo esquelético está restringida a los miocitos ricos en mitocondrias.
- La expresión de MCT1 cambia de los espermatozoides a las células epiteliales durante el tránsito de los espermatozoides en el epidídimo.
- Los bajos niveles de MCT1 en el hígado sugieren la presencia de otros MCTs en este órgano.
Conclusiones:
- MCT1 es el transportador de monocarboxilato de eritrocitos clonados, vital para el transporte de lactato y piruvato.
- MCT1 juega un papel importante en el ciclo de Cori mediante la exportación de lactato desde el intestino y los eritrocitos.
- MCT1 está involucrado en nuevas vías metabólicas del monocarboxilato en el músculo y el esperma.
- La plasticidad funcional de MCT1, como lo demuestra la sustitución Phe a Cys, destaca su capacidad de adaptación en diferentes contextos fisiológicos.
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