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Giración de los conos de crecimiento nervioso inducida por neurotransmisores
J Q Zheng1, M Felder, J A Connor
1Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027.
Nature
|March 10, 1994
Resumen
Los neurotransmisores como la acetilcolina guían los conos de crecimiento nervioso. Este estudio muestra que la acetilcolina atrae conos de crecimiento nervioso, mediados por la señalización del calcio, revelando un nuevo papel para los neurotransmisores en el desarrollo neuronal.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La neurociencia es la neurociencia.
- Biología del desarrollo Biología del desarrollo.
Sus antecedentes:
- La orientación del cono de crecimiento nervioso es crucial para el desarrollo neuronal.
- Los conos de crecimiento navegan usando señales extracelulares, pero los quimioatractores endógenos son en gran medida desconocidos.
- Los neurotransmisores están presentes temprano en el desarrollo y pueden influir en la morfogénesis.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar el papel de la acetilcolina (ACh) como quimioatractor para el crecimiento de los conos nerviosos.
- Para dilucidar los mecanismos moleculares subyacentes a ACh mediado por el giro del cono de crecimiento.
Principales métodos:
- Conos de crecimiento nervioso cultivados expuestos a gradientes de acetilcolina definidos.
- Analiza las respuestas de giro del cono de crecimiento.
- Inhibición farmacológica de los receptores ACh nicotínicos y de la proteína kinasa II dependiente de Ca2+-calmodulina.
- Imágenes de fluorescencia de la dinámica del calcio intracelular ([Ca2+]i).
Principales resultados:
- La acetilcolina (ACh) indujo respuestas positivas de giro en conos de crecimiento nervioso.
- La respuesta requirió la activación de los receptores ACh nicotínicos neuronales y de la Ca2+ extracelular.
- La proteína quinasa II dependiente de Ca2+-calmodulina estuvo implicada en la vía de señalización.
- ACh desencadenó un aumento rápido y transitorio en la concentración citosólica de Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) que precedió al giro del cono de crecimiento.
Conclusiones:
- Los neurotransmisores, específicamente la acetilcolina, pueden actuar como quimioatractores para la orientación del cono de crecimiento.
- El Ca2+ citosólico sirve como un segundo mensajero crítico en la mediación de las respuestas de giro del cono de crecimiento al ACh.
- Estos hallazgos ponen de relieve un nuevo papel morfogénico de los neurotransmisores en el desarrollo neuronal temprano.
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