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La impresión y los mecanismos de conteo del cromosoma X determinan la expresión de Xist en el desarrollo temprano del

G F Kay¹, S C Barton, M A Surani

¹Section of Comparative Biology, Medical Research Council Clinical Research Centre, Harrow, England.

|June 3, 1994

Resumen

La impresión parental inicialmente controla la expresión del gen Xist en embriones de ratón, lo que lleva a la activación del alelo Xist paterno. Esta huella se borra más tarde, permitiendo el conteo del cromosoma X para regular la expresión Xist.

Área de la Ciencia:

La epigenética es la epigenética.
La genómica es la genómica.
Biología del desarrollo Biología del desarrollo.

Sus antecedentes:

La inactivación de X en las hembras de mamíferos silencia un cromosoma X para igualar la dosis del gen.
El xisto (transcripción específica de X-inactiva) es crucial para iniciar la inactivación de X.
La expresión temprana de Xist en ratones está impresa, favoreciendo el alelo paterno.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para investigar el papel de la impresión parental en la expresión del xismo temprano.
Para entender la transición de la impresión a la expresión Xista aleatoria.
Para identificar los reguladores potenciales de la expresión de Xist.

Principales métodos:

Utilizando embriones de ratón uniparental para aislar los efectos de impresión parental.
Analizando los patrones de expresión específicos del alelo Xist.
Observando los mecanismos de conteo del cromosoma X.

Principales resultados:

La expresión sistista está inicialmente determinada únicamente por la impresión parental, con alelos paternos expresados y alelos maternos reprimidos.
Esta huella se borra en la etapa de compactación de la mórula.
El número del cromosoma X entonces dicta la expresión Xist apropiada.
Un nuevo gen impreso de expresión materna puede regular Xist.

Conclusiones:

La impresión parental es el principal impulsor de la expresión inicial de Xist en embriones de ratón.
Se produce un interruptor donde el conteo del cromosoma X anula la impresión para la regulación Xist.
Se necesita más investigación para dilucidar el papel del recién sugerido gen impreso.

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