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La inhalación de humo de cigarrillo acelera el desarrollo de placas arterioscleróticas

A Penn¹, C A Snyder

¹Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University Medical Center, Tuxedo 10987.

|October 1, 1993

Resumen

La exposición ambiental al humo del tabaco en gallos jóvenes acelera el desarrollo de placas arterioscleróticas. Este hallazgo sugiere un mecanismo potencial que vincula el humo de segunda mano a las enfermedades del corazón, incluso con breves exposiciones tempranas en la vida.

Área de la Ciencia:

Salud Ambiental Salud del medio ambiente.
Patología cardiovascular patología cardiovascular.
Toxicología Toxicología.

Sus antecedentes:

El humo ambiental del tabaco (ETS) está relacionado con una mortalidad cardiovascular significativa en los Estados Unidos.
El ETS, principalmente el humo secundario, contiene carcinógenos como los HAP, que no se reducen con los cigarrillos filtrados.
Se ha demostrado que los HAP en el humo secundario aceleran el desarrollo de la placa arteriosclerótica aórtica en modelos animales.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para investigar el impacto de la inhalación de humo de la corriente lateral en el desarrollo de la placa arteriosclerótica en gallitos.
Para determinar si la exposición temprana de la vida al humo de la corriente lateral influye en la progresión de la aterosclerosis.

Principales métodos:

Los gallos fueron expuestos al humo de la corriente lateral o al aire filtrado durante 6 horas/día, 5 días/semana, desde las 6 hasta las 22 semanas de edad.
Se monitorearon los niveles de monóxido de carbono, partículas en suspensión totales y nicotina durante las exposiciones.
Se calculó el índice de placa aórtica para segmentos de la aorta abdominal.

Principales resultados:

No se observaron diferencias en la incidencia o distribución de la placa entre los grupos.
Los índices de placa se elevaron significativamente en los galos expuestos al humo de corriente secundaria en comparación con los controles en todos los segmentos aórticos.

Conclusiones:

Las breves exposiciones tempranas de la vida al humo secundario son suficientes para mejorar el desarrollo de la placa arteriosclerótica.
Este estudio identifica un posible vínculo fisiopatológico entre el humo de segunda mano y la progresión de la enfermedad cardiovascular.

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