Video Experimental Relacionado
Updated: Aug 10, 2026

07:04
Genotyping of Sea Anemone during Early Development
Published on: May 13, 2019
Los orígenes monofiléticos de los metazoos: un vínculo evolutivo con los hongos
P O Wainright1, G Hinkle, M L Sogin
1Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08903.
Resumen
El estudio revela que los animales y los hongos comparten un ancestro común, un protista flagelado. Este análisis filogenético aclara el origen evolutivo y la ramificación temprana del reino Animalia.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología evolutiva Biología evolutiva.
- Filogenética molecular y filogenética molecular.
- Zoología Zoología Zoología.
Sus antecedentes:
- Comprender la historia evolutiva del reino Animalia es crucial para comprender la biodiversidad.
- Estudios filogenéticos anteriores han propuesto varios modelos para la evolución animal temprana.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para inferir el origen evolutivo y los primeros patrones de ramificación del reino Animalia.
- Para determinar la posición filogenética de los coanoflagelados dentro del linaje animal.
Principales métodos:
- Construcción del marco filogenético utilizando secuencias de genes de ARN ribosómico de pequeñas subunidades (ARNrSSU).
- Análisis de probabilidad máxima para inferir relaciones evolutivas.
Principales resultados:
- El linaje animal se confirma como monofilético, incluidos los coanoflagelados.
- Las esponjas divergen primero, seguidas por Ctenophora, Cnidaria, Placozoa, y luego una policotomía no resuelta de phyla bilateral.
- La evidencia sugiere una historia evolutiva compartida entre animales y hongos.
Conclusiones:
- Los animales y los hongos comparten un pasado evolutivo único, originado en un ancestro protista flagelado común.
- Los coanoflagelados son parte integral del linaje animal.
- El estudio proporciona un marco sólido para comprender la diversificación temprana de los metazoos.
Videos de Conceptos Relacionados
Phylogeny
Phylogeny is concerned with the evolutionary diversification of organisms or groups of organisms. A group of organisms with a name is called a taxon (singular). Taxa (plural) can span different levels of the evolutionary hierarchy. For instance, the group containing all birds is a taxon (comprising the class Aves), and the group of all species of daisies (the genus Bellis) is a taxon. Phylogenies can likewise include just one genus (i.e., depict species relationships) or span an entire...
The Tree of Life - Bacteria, Archaea, Eukaryotes
The “tree of life” describes the evolution of life and the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The root of the tree is the common ancestor to all life on Earth. All other species radiate from this point, much like the branches of a tree. The numerous tips of these branches on the tree of life represent every living, or extant, species. Extinct species, which are species that no longer exist, can be found towards the center of the tree. Currently, these organisms, both extant and...
Eukaryotic Evolution
The endosymbiont theory is the most widely accepted theory of eukaryotic evolution; however, its progression is still somewhat debated. According to the nucleus-first hypothesis, the ancestral prokaryote first evolved a membrane to enclose DNA and form the nucleus. Conversely, the mitochondria-first hypothesis suggests that the nucleus was formed after endosymbiosis of mitochondria.
Contrary to the endosymbiont theory, the eukaryote-first hypothesis proposes that the simpler prokaryotic and...
Contrary to the endosymbiont theory, the eukaryote-first hypothesis proposes that the simpler prokaryotic and...
Overview of Fungi
Fungi are a diverse group of eukaryotes more closely related to animals than other eukaryotes. Fungal cell walls comprise chitin, a polysaccharide that provides structural strength, and glucans, which contribute to flexibility and integrity. Other polysaccharides, such as mannans and galactosans, may supplement or replace chitin in some fungi. These adaptations, along with their preference for acidic environments and tolerance for high osmotic pressure, enable fungi to thrive in various...
Fungal Group Zygomycota
Zygomycota, previously classified as a distinct fungal group, are primarily terrestrial, saprophytic molds that play a crucial role as decomposers. Recent phylogenetic studies have revealed that these fungi are now divided into two major clades — Mucoromycota, which includes many symbiotic species, and Zoopagomycota, which primarily consists of parasitic and pathogenic fungi. These groups exhibit distinct ecological roles and reproductive strategies while sharing key structural and...
Overview of Protists
Protists are diverse eukaryotic microorganisms that lack the specialized tissues of plants and animals and the chitinous cell walls of fungi. Their early divergence within Eukarya resulted in structural, functional, and ecological diversity. They are classified into supergroups such as Archaeplastida, Excavata, Amoebozoa, Rhizaria, Alveolata, and Stramenopiles, determined through genetic analysis and structural similarities.Structural and Functional AdaptationsProtists have various adaptations...

