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Dissociación en la corteza prefrontal de los cambios afectivos y de atención
R Dias1, T W Robbins, A C Roberts
1Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Cambridge, UK.
Nature
|March 7, 1996
Resumen
La desinhibición después de un daño en el lóbulo frontal puede ser selectiva. Diferentes regiones de la corteza prefrontal controlan funciones cognitivas específicas, impactando la atención y el procesamiento emocional.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La neurociencia es la neurociencia.
- Psicología Cognitiva Psicología cognitiva.
Sus antecedentes:
- La corteza prefrontal (CFP) es crucial para comportamientos humanos complejos como la planificación y la regulación emocional.
- El daño en el lóbulo frontal puede resultar en desinhibición, donde los comportamientos inapropiados pasados anulan las demandas de la situación actual.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar si la desinhibición es selectiva para funciones cognitivas específicas.
- Para determinar si distintas regiones de la corteza prefrontal ejercen un control inhibitorio sobre diferentes procesos cognitivos.
Principales métodos:
- Estudios de lesiones en monos dirigidos a regiones específicas de la corteza prefrontal.
- Evaluación del control inhibidor en la selección atencional y el procesamiento afectivo.
Principales resultados:
- Daño a la corteza prefrontal lateral (área de Brodmann 9) deterioro del control inhibidor en la selección de la atención.
- El daño a la corteza orbito-frontal afectó el control inhibidor en el procesamiento afectivo, afectando la adaptación del comportamiento a los estímulos emocionales.
Conclusiones:
- La desinhibición puede ser selectiva, afectando distintas funciones cognitivas.
- La corteza prefrontal exhibe una especialización funcional, con diferentes regiones que median el control inhibitorio sobre dominios cognitivos específicos.
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