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Cambios en el contenido mineral óseo en atletas masculinos. Mecanismos de acción y efectos de la intervención

R C Klesges¹, K D Ward, M L Shelton

¹Department of psychology, University of Memphis, TN 38152, USA. bklesges@msuvx1.memphis.edu

|July 17, 1996

Resumen

Los atletas masculinos experimentan pérdida ósea durante el entrenamiento debido al agotamiento del calcio. La suplementación puede ayudar a restaurar el contenido mineral óseo (CMB) y la masa corporal magra, destacando la importancia de una ingesta suficiente de calcio.

Área de la Ciencia:

Medicina del Deporte Medicina del Deporte Medicina de los Deportes
Fisiología ósea Fisiología ósea.
Ciencias de la Nutrición Ciencias de la Nutrición

Sus antecedentes:

El entrenamiento deportivo puede conducir a una pérdida significativa del contenido mineral óseo (CMB).
Comprender los mecanismos e intervenciones para la pérdida ósea en los atletas es crucial para el rendimiento y la salud.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para cuantificar los cambios en el CMI en atletas masculinos durante dos años.
Para investigar el papel de la pérdida de calcio a través del sudor y la orina.
Para evaluar la eficacia de la suplementación de calcio como una intervención.

Principales métodos:

Se utilizó la absorptiometría de rayos X de doble energía (DEXA) para medir la CMI durante dos años.
La pérdida de calcio se evaluó mediante análisis de sudor y orina.
Participaron once jugadores masculinos de baloncesto de la División I-A de la NCAA.

Principales resultados:

La CMI corporal total disminuyó un 3,8% desde la pretemporada hasta la mitad de la temporada en el primer año.
La pérdida de calcio cutáneo promedió 247 mg por sesión de entrenamiento.
La suplementación de calcio en el segundo año se relacionó con aumentos significativos en el CMI y la masa corporal magra.

Conclusiones:

La pérdida ósea en los atletas está directamente relacionada con el equilibrio del calcio.
La ingesta adecuada de calcio es esencial para contrarrestar las pérdidas de calcio dérmico durante el ejercicio.
El ejercicio influye positivamente en el CMI cuando la ingesta de calcio es suficiente.

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