Video Experimental Relacionado
Updated: May 4, 2026

06:18
Measurement of Specific Mycobacterial Mistranslation Rates with Gain-of-function Reporter Systems
Published on: April 26, 2019
6.5K
Recodificación traslacional inducida por secuencias de ARNm ricas en G que forman estructuras inusuales
B C Horsburgh1, H Kollmus, H Hauser
1Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Cell
|September 20, 1996
Resumen
Un herpesvirus mutante con una mutación en el gen de la timidina quinasa (tk) utiliza la recodificación traslacional para expresar niveles bajos de TK. Una señal rica en G dentro del gen impulsa este mecanismo de recodificación único.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología Molecular Biología Molecular
- Virología Virología.
- Genética La genética.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los virus del herpes utilizan varios mecanismos genéticos para la expresión génica.
- La timidina quinasa (TK) es una enzima viral crucial involucrada en la replicación del ADN.
- La recodificación traslacional permite la síntesis de proteínas alteradas a partir del ARNm existente.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar un herpesvirus mutante con una sola inserción de base en su gen de la timidina quinasa (tk).
- Identificar el mecanismo por el cual se expresan bajos niveles de TK.
- Para caracterizar el nuevo evento de recodificación traslacional observado en el mutante.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de un mutante del herpesvirus con una mutación de desplazamiento de marco +1 en el gen TK.
- Identificación y caracterización de una secuencia rica en G responsable de la recodificación.
- Análisis mutacional para descartar mecanismos de recodificación conocidos como el deslizamiento del tRNA o las estructuras aguas abajo.
Principales resultados:
- La inserción de una sola base en el gen tk conduce a una baja expresión de TK a través de la recodificación traslacional +1.
- Se identificó una secuencia rica en G dentro del gen mutante como suficiente para inducir la recodificación.
- La eficiencia de recodificación se correlaciona con la riqueza en G y la formación inusual de la estructura del ARN, independientemente de los elementos posteriores o la pausa del ribosoma.
Conclusiones:
- Se ha identificado un nuevo mecanismo de recodificación traslacional, impulsado por una señal rica en G, en un herpesvirus mutante.
- Este mecanismo de recodificación posee características únicas distintas de los eventos previamente conocidos.
- Los hallazgos tienen implicaciones potenciales para la comprensión de la resistencia clínica a los medicamentos y otros procesos biológicos que involucran la expresión génica.
Videos de Conceptos Relacionados
Translation
133.6K
Lesson: Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of...
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of...
133.6K
Types of RNA
61.3K
Overview
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA...
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA...
61.3K
Initiation of Translation
24.7K
Initiating translation is complex because it involves multiple molecules. Initiator tRNA, ribosomal subunits, and eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs) are all required to assemble on the initiation codon of mRNA. This process consists of several steps that are mediated by different eIFs.
First, the initiator tRNA must be selected from the pool of elongator tRNAs by eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2). The initiator tRNA (Met-tRNAi) has conserved sequence elements including modified bases at...
First, the initiator tRNA must be selected from the pool of elongator tRNAs by eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2). The initiator tRNA (Met-tRNAi) has conserved sequence elements including modified bases at...
24.7K
Leaky Scanning
4.5K
During most eukaryotic translation processes, the small 40S ribosome subunit scans an mRNA from its 5' end until it encounters the first start AUG codon. The large 60S ribosomal subunit then joins the smaller one to initiate protein synthesis. The location of the translation initiation is largely determined by the nucleotides near the start codon as there may be multiple translation initiation sites present on the mRNA. Marilyn Kozak discovered that the sequence RCCAUGG (where R...
4.5K
Translation
16.8K
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Proteins are...
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Proteins are...
16.8K
Translational Regulation
877
Translational regulation in prokaryotes ensures efficient protein synthesis by controlling ribosome access to mRNA. This regulation is mediated by secondary RNA structures, including translational riboswitches, RNA thermometers, and small RNAs (sRNAs), which respond to intracellular and environmental signals to modulate gene expression.Translational RiboswitchesRiboswitches in the leader region of mRNAs can regulate translation by altering the accessibility of the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence,...
877

