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pre-mRNA Processing02:01

pre-mRNA Processing

In eukaryotic cells, transcripts made by RNA polymerase are modified and processed before exiting the nucleus. Unprocessed RNA is called precursor mRNA or pre-mRNA to distinguish it from mature mRNA.
Once about 20-40 ribonucleotides have been joined together by RNA polymerase, a group of enzymes adds a “cap” to the 5’ end of the growing transcript. In this process, a 5’ phosphate is replaced by modified guanosine that has a methyl group attached to it (7-Methyl guanosine). This 5’ cap helps the...
Pre-mRNA Processing02:01

Pre-mRNA Processing

In eukaryotic cells, transcripts made by RNA polymerase are modified and processed before exiting the nucleus. Unprocessed RNA is called precursor mRNA or pre-mRNA to distinguish it from mature mRNA.
Once about 20-40 ribonucleotides have been joined together by RNA polymerase, a group of enzymes adds a “cap” to the 5’ end of the growing transcript. In this process, a 5’ phosphate is replaced by modified guanosine that has a methyl group attached to it (7-Methyl guanosine). This 5’ cap helps the...
Ribosomal RNA Synthesis02:53

Ribosomal RNA Synthesis

Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...
Proteins: From Genes to Degradation02:11

Proteins: From Genes to Degradation

Within a biological system, the DNA encodes the RNA, and the nucleotide sequence in the RNA further defines the amino acid sequence in the protein. This is referred to as “The Central Dogma of Molecular Biology” - a term coined by Francis Crick.  Central dogma is a firm principle in biology that defines the flow of genetic information within any life form. The two fundamental steps in central dogma are - transcription and translation.
Transcription is the synthesis of RNA molecules by RNA...
Pre-mRNA Processing: Modification of pre-mRNA Ends01:35

Pre-mRNA Processing: Modification of pre-mRNA Ends

In eukaryotic cells, transcripts made by RNA polymerase are modified and processed before exiting the nucleus. Unprocessed RNA is called precursor mRNA or pre-mRNA to distinguish it from mature mRNA.
Once about 20-40 ribonucleotides have been joined together by RNA polymerase, a group of enzymes adds a cap to the 5' end of the growing transcript. In this process, a 5' phosphate is replaced by modified guanosine that has a methyl group attached (7-methyl guanosine). This 5' cap helps the cell...
Ribosomal RNA Synthesis02:53

Ribosomal RNA Synthesis

Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...

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Transcriptome Analysis of Single Cells
07:27

Transcriptome Analysis of Single Cells

Published on: April 25, 2011

Moléculas precursoras del ARN de la globina: biosíntesis y proceso en las células eritroides.

R N Bastos, H Aviv

    Cell
    |July 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Resumen

    Los investigadores estudiaron la producción de ARNm de globina en los glóbulos rojos utilizando una técnica de búsqueda de pulsos. Identificaron moléculas precursoras más grandes en el núcleo, revelando una vía para la biosíntesis del ARN mensajero de globina.

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    Área de la Ciencia:

    • Biología Molecular Biología Molecular
    • Biología celular Biología celular.
    • La bioquímica es la bioquímica.

    Sus antecedentes:

    • El ARNm de la globina es esencial para la función de los glóbulos rojos.
    • La comprensión de la biosíntesis de ARNm es crucial para los procesos celulares.

    Objetivo del estudio:

    • Para investigar la vía biosintética del ARNm de globina en las células eritroides.
    • Para identificar las moléculas precursoras involucradas en la formación de ARNm de globina.

    Principales métodos:

    • Hibridación de ARN marcado con ADN complementario.
    • Utilizó una técnica de persecución de pulsos.
    • Se analizaron las especies de ARN en los núcleos de las células eritroides y el citoplasma.

    Principales resultados:

    • Se detectaron tres especies de ARN nuclear que comparten secuencias con el ARNm de la globina.
    • Se identificaron dos precursores más grandes: un 27S (aprox. 5000 nucleótidos) y una 15S (aprox. 1500 nucleótidos) es una molécula.
    • Las especies 27S carecían de secuencias poli (A), mientras que las especies 15S y 10S las contenían. El precursor 27S se degradó rápidamente, mientras que el ARNm citoplasmático 10S se acumuló.

    Conclusiones:

    • Propuso un modelo para la biosíntesis de ARNm de globina.
    • La vía implica la transcripción de un gran precursor 27S, seguido de la escisión en un intermedio 15S.
    • El procesamiento posterior produce el ARNm maduro de globina 10S para la acumulación citoplasmática.