Mecanismo de los desplazamientos zonales de la piscina cálida del Pacífico: implicaciones para ENSO

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Picaut¹, Ioualalen, Menkes

¹J. Picaut, M. Ioualalen, T. Delcroix, Groupe SURTROPAC, Institut Francais de Recherche Scientifique pour le Developpement en Cooperation (ORSTOM), BP A5, 98848, Noumea, New Caledonia. C. Menkes, Centre de Recherche Oceanographique, ORSTOM, Abidjan, Ivory Coast. M. J. McPhaden, Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA 98115, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|November 29, 1996

Resumen

La piscina cálida del Pacífico ecuatorial occidental migra de este a oeste con el Índice de Oscilación del Sur, impulsado por las corrientes oceánicas. Estos procesos advectivos dan forma a la piscina caliente e influyen en las interacciones entre El Niño y la Oscilación del Sur (ENSO).

Área de la Ciencia:

Oceanografía La oceanografía es la oceanografía.
Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima
Ciencias de la atmósfera Ciencias atmosféricas.

Sus antecedentes:

La piscina cálida del Pacífico ecuatorial occidental exhibe importantes migraciones interanuales este-oeste.
Estas migraciones están estrechamente sincronizadas con el Índice de Oscilación del Sur.

Objetivo del estudio:

Demostrar el papel dominante de la advección zonal superficial en la migración de las piscinas calientes.
Para analizar la formación de frentes de salinidad y la convergencia de masas de agua.
Comprender las implicaciones para la dinámica de El Niño y la Oscilación Sur (ENSO).

Principales métodos:

Utilizó cuatro conjuntos de datos actuales distintos.
Empleó tres modelos diferentes del océano.
Analizó los procesos advectivos y la convergencia de las masas de agua.

Principales resultados:

Confirmó el predominio de la advección zonal superficial en la migración de piscinas cálidas.
Se identificó una advección hacia el este de agua tibia y menos salada y una advección hacia el oeste de agua fría y más salada.
Se observó la convergencia de la masa de agua y un frente de salinidad distinto en el borde oriental de la piscina cálida.
El desplazamiento zonal demostrado de las zonas de convergencia vinculadas a las variaciones del viento de El Niño-La Niña.

Conclusiones:

La advección zonal de la superficie es el principal impulsor de las migraciones de las piscinas cálidas del Pacífico ecuatorial occidental.
Los procesos advectivos crean importantes convergencias de masas de agua y frentes de salinidad.
Estos hallazgos son cruciales para simular con precisión ENSO y las interacciones acopladas océano-atmósfera.

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