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Real-time Electrophysiology: Using Closed-loop Protocols to Probe Neuronal Dynamics and Beyond
Published on: June 24, 2015
Caos en las redes neuronales con una actividad excitatoria e inhibidora equilibrada
C van Vreeswijk1, H Sompolinsky
1Racah Institute of Physics and Center for Neural Computation, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, 91904 Israel.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|December 6, 1996
Resumen
Las redes neuronales exhiben dinámicas caóticas debido a la excitación y la inhibición equilibradas, lo que lleva a respuestas rápidas a los estímulos. Esto explica los patrones de disparo irregulares observados en las neuronas de la corteza animal.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La neurociencia es la neurociencia.
- La neurociencia computacional es una neurociencia computacional.
- La neurociencia teórica de la teoría.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las neuronas corticales en animales que se comportan muestran temporalmente picos irregulares.
- Las razones detrás de esta irregularidad de disparo y su importancia funcional siguen sin estar claras.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar la hipótesis de que la variabilidad temporal en el disparo neuronal surge de un equilibrio entre las entradas excitatorias y inhibitorias.
- Explorar las implicaciones de este equilibrio para el procesamiento neuronal y la dinámica de la red.
Principales métodos:
- Investigación teórica de la dinámica de las redes neuronales.
- Modelado de grandes redes de poblaciones neuronales excitatorias e inhibidoras con conexiones sinápticas escasas y fuertes.
- Análisis del comportamiento de la red bajo una constante entrada externa.
Principales resultados:
- En tales redes surge naturalmente un equilibrio aproximado entre las entradas excitatorias y inhibidoras.
- El estado de equilibrio se caracteriza por una dinámica fuertemente caótica, incluso con constantes entradas externas.
- A pesar de la dinámica no lineal de una sola neurona, la red exhibe una respuesta lineal a los estímulos.
- La red reacciona a los estímulos externos en escalas de tiempo más rápidas que los tiempos de integración de las neuronas individuales.
Conclusiones:
- La excitación y la inhibición equilibradas son una fuente plausible de variabilidad temporal en la activación de las neuronas corticales.
- La dinámica caótica en redes equilibradas puede conducir a un procesamiento eficiente y rápido de la información.
- Estos hallazgos sugieren un mecanismo para cómo las redes corticales logran dinámicas complejas y un comportamiento receptivo.
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