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Modelado de los intercambios de energía, agua y carbono entre los continentes y la atmósfera

Sellers¹, Dickinson, Randall

¹P. J. Sellers is at the NASA Johnson Space Center, Mail Code CB, Houston, TX 77058, USA. R. E. Dickinson is in the Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA. D. A. Randall is in the Atmospheric Sciences Department, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA. A. K. Betts is at Atmospheric Research, Rural Route 3, Box 3125, Pittsford, VT 05763, USA. F. G. Hall and G. J. Collatz are at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Code 923, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA. J. A. Berry and C. B. Field are in the Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. A. S. Denning is in the School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-5131, USA. H. A. Mooney is in the Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. C. A. Nobre is at INPE/CPTEC, Caixa Postal 01, cep 12630-000, Cachoeira Paulista, SP, Brazil. N. Sato is in the Numerical Prediction Division, Japan Meteorology Agency, 1-3-4, Ootemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan 100. A. Henderson-Sellers is at the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology, Plenty Road, Post Office Box 71, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|January 24, 1997

Resumen

Los parámetros de la superficie terrestre han evolucionado significativamente en los últimos 20 años, mejorando los modelos climáticos. Los esquemas modernos ahora representan de manera creíble el sistema suelo-vegetación-atmósfera, ayudando a la investigación del cambio global.

Área de la Ciencia:

Ciencias del Sistema Terrestre Ciencias del Sistema Terrestre
Ciencias de la atmósfera Ciencias atmosféricas.
Modelado del clima Modelado del clima

Sus antecedentes:

Los modelos de circulación atmosférica general (CMG) necesitan flujos tierra-atmósfera para la simulación del clima y el pronóstico del tiempo.
Estos flujos se calculan mediante submodelos de parametrización de la superficie terrestre (LSP).

Objetivo del estudio:

Revisar la evolución y los avances en la parametrización de la superficie terrestre en las últimas dos décadas.
Para resaltar la integración de nuevas investigaciones y datos en estos modelos.

Principales métodos:

Revisión de los avances en la investigación de la fisiología e hidrología de las plantas.
Análisis del progreso en la interpretación de datos satelitales.
Incorporación de hallazgos de experimentos de campo a gran escala.

Principales resultados:

Las parametrizaciones de la superficie terrestre han pasado de ser esquemas simples a representaciones sofisticadas de la transferencia suelo-vegetación-atmósfera.
Los LSP modernos integran cada vez más los conocimientos biogeoquímicos y ecológicos.

Conclusiones:

Los LSP avanzados, junto con modelos climáticos y oceánicos, ahora pueden modelar las respuestas del sistema terrestre al cambio global.
Estos modelos son cruciales para comprender los impactos como el aumento del dióxido de carbono atmosférico.

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