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Forzamiento radiativo directo por el humo de la quema de biomasa.
1P. V. Hobbs, J. S. Reid, R. A. Kotchenruther, R. J. Ferek, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-1640, USA. R. Weiss, Radiance Research, Seattle, WA 98177, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|March 21, 1997
Resumen
El humo de la quema de biomasa causa un enfriamiento global, con un forzamiento radiativo directo estimado en -0.3 W/m2. Este efecto es menor que el calentamiento de los gases de efecto invernadero, pero es significativo a nivel regional, lo que podría afectar el clima.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias de la atmósfera Ciencias atmosféricas.
- Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima
- Ciencias ambientales Ciencias ambientales.
Sus antecedentes:
- La quema de biomasa libera partículas de humo en la atmósfera.
- Las partículas de humo influyen en el equilibrio de radiación de la Tierra y el clima.
- Comprender el forzamiento radiativo del humo es crucial para el modelado climático.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para evaluar los efectos del humo de la quema de biomasa en el balance de radiación de la Tierra.
- Para cuantificar el forzamiento radiativo directo de las emisiones globales de humo.
- Para comparar el impacto climático del humo con el de los gases de efecto invernadero.
Principales métodos:
- Mediciones aéreas de parámetros ópticos de humo en Brasil.
- Cálculo del forzamiento radiativo directo basado en parámetros medidos.
- Estimación a escala global del impacto radiativo del humo.
Principales resultados:
- El forzamiento radiativo directo promedio global del humo de la biomasa se estima en -0.3 W/m2 (enfriamiento).
- Este efecto de enfriamiento es significativamente menor que el calentamiento de los gases de efecto invernadero antropogénicos (+2,45 W/m2).
- El forzamiento radiativo directo regional del humo puede ser sustancial.
Conclusiones:
- El humo de la quema de biomasa ejerce un efecto de enfriamiento neto en el clima global.
- Aunque globalmente modestos, los impactos regionales del humo pueden influir indirectamente en los patrones climáticos globales.
- Se justifica una mayor investigación sobre los efectos regionales y los mecanismos de forzamiento indirecto.
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