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Ácido acético activado por fijación de carbono en (Fe,Ni) S bajo condiciones primordiales

C Huber¹, G Wächtershäuser

¹Department of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, D-85747 Garching, Germany.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|April 11, 1997

Resumen

Los experimentos muestran que los sulfuros de níquel-hierro a temperaturas hidrotermales pueden formar tioesters activados a partir del monóxido de carbono y el metil mercaptano, imitando la química de la vida temprana. La modificación del selenio permitió la síntesis de ácido acético a partir del monóxido de carbono y el sulfuro de hidrógeno, lo que sugiere vías metabólicas primordiales.

Área de la Ciencia:

Astrobiología y el Origen de la Vida Investigación de Investigación
Geoquímica y Catálisis Mineral.
Biogeoquímica y metabolismo temprano.

Sus antecedentes:

La vía reductora de la acetil-coenzima A es un proceso metabólico clave.
Las fuentes hidrotermales se consideran sitios potenciales para el origen de la vida.
Comprender las reacciones químicas primordiales es crucial para los estudios del origen de la vida.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para modelar las reacciones reductivas de la vía de la acetil-coenzima A bajo condiciones hidrotermales.
Investigar el potencial catalítico de los minerales NiS-FeS en la síntesis de moléculas orgánicas clave.
Explorar la viabilidad de los orígenes quimioautotróficos de la vida a través de reacciones catalizadas por minerales.

Principales métodos:

Simulación experimental de condiciones hidrotermales utilizando suspensiones acuosas de NiS y FeS coprecipitados.
Reaccionan el monóxido de carbono (CO) y el metilmercaptano (CH3SH) para formar tioesters activados.
Modificación del catalizador NiS-FeS con selenio y reacción con monóxido de carbono (CO) y sulfuro de hidrógeno (H2S).

Principales resultados:

El NiS-FeS coprecipitado convirtió el CO y el CH3SH en el tioester activado CH3-CO-SCH3, que se hidrolizó en ácido acético.
Se observó la formación de acetanilida en presencia de anilina.
El NiS-FeS modificado con selenio catalizó la formación de ácido acético y CH3SH solo a partir de CO y H2S.

Conclusiones:

Los minerales NiS-FeS pueden catalizar reacciones clave relevantes para la vía reductora de la acetil-coenzima A bajo condiciones hidrotermales.
La modificación del selenio mejora la actividad catalítica, permitiendo la síntesis de ácido acético y metil mercaptano a partir de precursores más simples.
Estos hallazgos apoyan la hipótesis de un origen quimioautotrófico de la vida iniciado por la catálisis mineral en fuentes hidrotermales.

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