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Un género hominoide del Mioceno temprano de Uganda
D L Gebo1, L MacLatchy, R Kityo
1Department of Anthropology, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|April 18, 1997
Resumen
Los fósiles de un antiguo hominoide de cuerpo grande descubierto en Uganda revelan características del hombro y la columna vertebral similares a las de los modernos simios y humanos. Este hominoide de 20,6 millones de años es el más antiguo conocido que comparte estas características.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La paleoantropología es la paleoantropología.
- La primatología es la primatología.
- Paleontología de los vertebrados.
Sus antecedentes:
- La historia evolutiva de los hominoides, el grupo que incluye a los humanos y los simios, se entiende incompletamente, particularmente con respecto a los orígenes del Mioceno temprano.
- La evidencia fósil de África proporciona información crucial sobre la divergencia del linaje hominoide.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Describir y analizar fósiles de homínidos recién descubiertos y previamente recuperados del Mioceno Uganda temprano.
- Determinar la posición filogenética y el significado de este antiguo hominoide basado en características anatómicas.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis anatómico comparativo de elementos esqueléticos fósiles (hombro, columna vertebral) de Uganda.
- Datación radiométrica de los sedimentos que contienen fósiles para establecer la edad del hominoide.
- Comparación filogenética con los simios y los humanos existentes, así como con otros hominoides fósiles.
Principales resultados:
- Los fósiles representan un hominoide de cuerpo grande que data de hace al menos 20.6 millones de años.
- Los fósiles exhiben rasgos derivados en el hombro y la columna vertebral que son homólogos a los de los modernos simios y humanos.
- Este hallazgo establece al hominoide de Uganda como el representante más antiguo conocido que comparte estos rasgos derivados específicos.
Conclusiones:
- El hominoide de Uganda del Mioceno temprano proporciona evidencia crítica para la evolución temprana y la radiación de los hominoides.
- La presencia de estos caracteres derivados en una fecha tan temprana sugiere una diversificación temprana de hominoides más compleja de lo que se reconocía anteriormente.
- Este fósil desafía los modelos existentes de origen y dispersión de los homínidos.
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