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Vacunación temprana con BCG y desarrollo de atopia
J S Alm1, G Lilja, G Pershagen
1Sachs' Children's Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
Lancet (London, England)
|August 9, 1997
Resumen
La vacunación temprana con BCG no parece afectar el desarrollo de enfermedades atópicas en niños con antecedentes familiares de atopia. Este estudio no encontró diferencias significativas en la incidencia de la enfermedad atópica entre los niños vacunados y no vacunados.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Inmunología Inmunología.
- La pediatría es la medicina de los niños.
- Alergias Alergias Alergias Alergias Alergias Alergias
Sus antecedentes:
- El aumento de las tasas de enfermedades atópicas puede estar correlacionado con la disminución de las enfermedades infecciosas o los cambios en los programas de vacunación infantil.
- Investigó la influencia potencial de la vacunación con Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) en el desarrollo de la atopia.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Determinar si la vacunación temprana con BCG afecta la incidencia de la enfermedad atópica en niños con predisposición.
Principales métodos:
- Estudio de cohorte retrospectivo de 216 niños vacunados con BCG y 358 no vacunados con herencia atópica.
- A los niños se les evaluó la historia atópica, los signos clínicos, la prueba de pinchazo cutáneo (SPT) y los niveles de IgE específicos de alérgenos séricos.
- El suero de los padres también se analizó en busca de anticuerpos IgE.
Principales resultados:
- No hay diferencias significativas en la prevalencia de la enfermedad atópica entre los niños vacunados con BCG (36%) y los no vacunados (41%).
- Tasas similares de SPT positivo y de anticuerpos IgE alérgenos específicos circulantes en ambos grupos.
- Atopía confirmada en los padres de aproximadamente dos tercios de los niños en cada grupo; otros factores de riesgo se distribuyeron uniformemente.
Conclusiones:
- La vacunación temprana con BCG no parece influir en el desarrollo de la enfermedad atópica antes de la edad escolar en niños con herencia atópica.
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