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Explorar el control metabólico y genético de la expresión génica a escala genómica
J L DeRisi1, V R Iyer, P O Brown
1Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford, CA 94305-5428, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|October 24, 1997
Resumen
Este estudio utilizó microarrays de ADN para mapear los cambios en la expresión génica en Saccharomyces cerevisiae durante el cambio metabólico de la fermentación a la respiración. Reveló información sobre la reprogramación metabólica y las funciones de los genes, lo que demuestra un poderoso enfoque genómico.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología Molecular Biología Molecular
- Genética de la levadura Genética de la levadura
- Biología de Sistemas Biología de Sistemas.
Sus antecedentes:
- Comprender los cambios metabólicos es crucial para la biotecnología de levaduras.
- La dinámica de la expresión génica regula la adaptación celular.
- El desplazamiento diauxico en Saccharomyces cerevisiae implica una reprogramación transcripcional compleja.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar exhaustivamente el programa de expresión génica temporal durante el cambio metabólico de la fermentación a la respiración en Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
- Identificar genes involucrados en la reprogramación metabólica y aclarar las funciones de genes no caracterizados previamente.
- Evaluar el impacto de los reguladores de la transcripción TUP1 y YAP1 en la expresión génica de todo el genoma.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó microarrays de ADN que representan casi todos los genes de Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
- Analizó los perfiles temporales de expresión génica durante el cambio diaúxico.
- Los cambios en la expresión génica investigados tras la deleción de TUP1 y la sobreexpresión de YAP1.
Principales resultados:
- Los perfiles de expresión de genes metabólicos conocidos proporcionaron información sobre la reprogramación metabólica durante el cambio diaúxico.
- Los patrones de expresión de genes no caracterizados sugirieron funciones potenciales.
- Se identificaron genes afectados por la deleción de TUP1 y la sobreexpresión de YAP1.
Conclusiones:
- Los microarrays de ADN ofrecen una herramienta factible y poderosa para la exploración de patrones de expresión génica en todo el genoma.
- Este estudio proporciona un mapa detallado de la dinámica de la expresión génica durante una transición metabólica crítica en la levadura.
- Los hallazgos contribuyen a la comprensión del metabolismo de la levadura y la regulación génica.
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Gene expression is the process in which DNA directs the synthesis of functional products, that is, proteins. Cells can regulate gene expression at various stages. It allows organisms to generate different cell types and enables cells to adapt to internal and external factors.
Genetic Information Flows from DNA to RNA to Protein
A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is made up of nucleotides and proteins consist of amino...
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Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
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