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Intralymphatic Immunotherapy and Vaccination in Mice
Published on: February 2, 2014
Resumen
La inmunoterapia con alérgenos trata eficazmente el asma alérgica y la rinitis mediante la modulación de las respuestas inmunes. Este tratamiento reduce las reacciones alérgicas al desplazar el sistema inmunológico de la dominación de T(H) 2 a T(H) 1.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Inmunología Inmunología.
- Alergia e Inmunología Clínica.
Sus antecedentes:
- La inmunoterapia alérgica (AIT) es un tratamiento establecido para el asma alérgica, la rinitis alérgica y la hipersensibilidad al veneno de himenópteros.
- Los mecanismos precisos por los cuales AIT mejora los síntomas clínicos siguen siendo incompletamente entendidos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para aclarar los mecanismos inmunológicos que subyacen a la eficacia de la inmunoterapia de alérgenos.
- Para entender cómo AIT modula la respuesta inmune a los alérgenos.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión de los estudios existentes sobre la inmunoterapia con alérgenos.
- Análisis de marcadores inmunológicos que incluyen IgE específico, perfiles de citoquinas y respuestas celulares.
Principales resultados:
- AIT induce un cambio en el medio de las citoquinas de T(H) 2 a T(H) 1 predominio.
- Este cambio conduce a una disminución de la interleucina-4, una reducción del reclutamiento y la activación de los eosinófilos y una disminución de la proliferación de mastocitos.
- En consecuencia, la exposición al alérgeno provoca una respuesta celular inflamatoria menos potente y una hiperreactividad reducida del órgano diana.
Conclusiones:
- La inmunoterapia con alérgenos es efectiva, pero conlleva riesgos, lo que requiere una cuidadosa consideración sobre el manejo médico.
- La optimización de las concentraciones de alérgenos en extractos estandarizados es crucial para controlar los eventos adversos y mejorar la seguridad del tratamiento.
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